this research aims to study the relationship between the components of quality costs and quality in company. the relationship between the components of quality costs and quality in company has been studied separately for materials, manpower, machinery, and whole of company. in this study, traditional method was used to collect quality costs and paf model was used to determine the components of ...

This paper investigates the characteristics of litigated patents by combining for the firsttime information about patent case filings from the U.S. district courts and detailed datafrom the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. We construct a series of indicators for thefactors which the theoretical literature suggests contribute to litigation: frequency ofdisputes, the size and asy...

Intellectual property portfolios that include unique inventions and discoveries are potentially inimitable resources that provide strategic leverage to Information Technology (IT) firms. The increasing patent related litigations in the IT industry, and the high costs associated with litigations make this an economically significant activity. Taking a market oriented view to this issue we invest...

This is a revisitation of an earlier paper on the same topic. shows sharp shift debate towards austerity. The current in Brazilian Civil Procedure revolves around efficiency, legal certainty, and access to justice, not As matter fact, over austerity nonexistent Brazil so far. By expanding justice broader portion society, system increased number cases costs associated with judicial system. But e...

BACKGROUND Tobacco companies use a host of strategies to undermine public health efforts directed to reduce and eliminate smoking. The success, failure and trends in domestic litigation used by tobacco companies to undermine tobacco control are not well understood, with commentators often assuming disputes are trade related or international in nature. We analyse domestic legal disputes involvin...

Decisions on litigation spending can be viewed as constituting an iterated nonzero sum game, and thus as conducive to cooperation aimed at reducing spending. At the same time, though, litigants may engage in aggressive spending for various reasons, including a belief that they can outsmart the other party. This article uses a litigation simulation to consider how litigation spending is affected...

in an international connection which different factors of legal relation were spread in different countries, bringing of several actions with the same object in different countries court was completely probable. each party with various reasons seeks litigation in a court which provides their interest in better way. however parallel litigation in it he same object impose burdensome charges on li...

parties, the magistrate, the dispute, argument and procedure with all its features at the hearing principally means the application of law on facts in order to resolution of conflicts, but it needs by itself to be organized with some techniques as a result of organizing the litigation process. some general norms are the means for achieving this goal which called principles of law. we can introd...