the foremost constant and incessant social development in history of persian gulf is “immigration and population displacement” at both sides of this region. this phenomenon is so important that no one may comprehend properly the events and incidents occurred in this region particularly at pre- petroleum exploration regardless of investigation and considering this issue in mind. if we divide per...

In modern multicultural societies more and more individuals deal with 2 or more cultures due to the unprecedented increase in international migration. This special section brings together research about immigrants' adaptation to various life domains, about the demands of dealing with different cultural scripts and about how immigrants can successfully bridge different cultural demands. This int...

An economic impact analysis was conducted in two rural counties in Northwest Arkansas to observe effects of hypothetical retiree in-migration as a sustainable economic development policy. The analysis reveals economic benefits with varying impacts and additional socioeconomic costs on both counties. The policy has the potential for sustaining in the long-term. .

Family migration policy, once basing citizens and resident foreigners' possibilities to bring in foreign family members mainly on the right to family life, is increasingly a tool states use to limit immigration and to push newcomers to integrate into civic and economic life. The family migration policies of Denmark, Norway and Sweden range widely - from more minimal support and age requirements...

Background: Nursing shortage is a global health problem and one of the main challenges for healthcare systems throughout the world including Iran. Meanwhile, a large number of Iranian nurses migrate to other countries every year. This study was conducted to determine the frequency of intention to immigration in Iranian nurses and its relationship with workload and a healthy work environment.  ...

In this Article, I argue that tax and tran~fer policies are more efficient than immigration restrictions as instruments for raising the aftertax incomes of the least skilled native workers. Policies to protect these native workers frol1'l immigrant competition in the labor nwrket do no better at promoting distributive justice and are likely to impose a greater economic burden on natives in the ...

Recent increases in U.S. immigration enforcement at the local and state level may be impacting remittance flows to developing countries by curtailing undocumented immigration, restricting the cyclicality of migration flows and limiting employment opportunities for the undocumented. We examine how the remitting patterns of Mexican migrants in the United States are being impacted by two types of ...

Islands acquire species through immigration and speciation. Models of island biogeography should capture both processes; however quantitative island biogeography theory has either neglected speciation or treated it unrealistically. We introduce a model where the dominance of immigration on small and near islands gives way to an increasing role for speciation as island area and isolation increas...

The positive relationship between habitat heterogeneity and species richness is a cornerstone of ecology. Recently, it was suggested that this relationship should be unimodal rather than linear due to a tradeoff between environmental heterogeneity and population sizes. Increased environmental heterogeneity will decrease effective habitat sizes, which in turn will increase the rate of local spec...