The MexXY components of the MexXY-OprM multidrug efflux system of Pseudomonas aeruginosa are encoded by a MexZ repressor-regulated operon that is inducible by antibiotics that target the ribosome. Mutant strains disrupted in a gene, PA5471, were shown to be compromised for drug-inducible mexXY expression and, therefore, MexXY-OprM-mediated antimicrobial resistance. The PA5471 gene was inducible...

Antibiotic resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae has increased worldwide by the spread of a few clones. Fluoroquinolone resistance occurs mainly by alteration of their intracellular targets, the type II DNA topoisomerases, which is acquired either by point mutation or by recombination. Increase in fluoroquinolone-resistance may depend on the balance between antibiotic consumption and the cost ...

Gram positive organisms are one of the leading pathogens causing skin and soft tissue infections. For these infections, clindamycin is a useful alternate drug in penicillin-allergic patients. This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of erythromycin-induced clindamycin resistance in gram positive organisms in the southern part of the country. A total of 522 consecutive clinical iso...

The first evidence is presented for the presence of inducible macrolides-lincosamides-streptogramin B resistance in Bacteroides species. Different macrolides induced clindamycin resistance in Bacteroides vulgatus RYC18F6, an erythromycin-resistant and clindamycin-susceptible strain. A study of 144 Bacteroides isolates indicated that erythromycin resistance was linked to diminished clindamycin s...

Recombinant human interferon-a (IFN-a) can induce a hematologic remission in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia. However, some patients are resistant and others develop late resistance to the IFN-a treatment. To understand the molecular mechanism of this resistance, we have analyzed the expression of 10 IFN-inducible genes in the cells of three resistant patients, two responsive patients, a...