Argument graphs are a common way to model argumentative reasoning. For reasoning or computational purposes, such graphs may have to be encoded in a given logic. This paper aims at providing a systematic approach for this encoding. This approach relies upon a general, principle-based characterization of argumentation semantics.

This paper reports the results from an exploratory study of K-8 pre-service teachers’ inductive reasoning. The analysis of 130 written solutions to seven tasks and 77 reflective journals completed by 20 pre-service teachers lead to descriptions of inductive reasoning processes, i.e. specializing, conjecturing, generalizing, and justifying, in the problem-solving contexts. The uncovered characte...

We propose an interleaved inductive-abductive model for reasoning about complex spatio-temporal narratives. Typed Inductive Logic Programming (Typed-ILP) is used as a basis for learning the domain theory by generalising from observation data, whereas abductive reasoning is used for noisy data correction by scenario and narrative completion thereby improving the inductive learning to get semanti...

We study how probabilistic reasoning and inductive querying can be combined within ProbLog, a recent probabilistic extension of Prolog. ProbLog can be regarded as a database system that supports both probabilistic and inductive reasoning through a variety of querying mechanisms. After a short introduction to ProbLog, we provide a survey of the different types of inductive queries that ProbLog s...

OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the inductive and deductive reasoning abilities of people with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Following previous research, it was predicted that people with OCD would show different abilities on inductive reasoning tasks but similar abilities to controls on deductive reasoning tasks. DESIGN A two-group comparison was used with both gro...

One of the most important tasks in database technology is to combine the following activities: data mining or inferring knowledge from data and query processing or reasoning on acquired knowledge. The solution of this task requires a logical language with unified syntax and semantics for integrating deductive (using knowledge) and inductive (acquiring knowledge) reasoning. In this paper, we pro...

Inductive reasoning is one of the most important higher level cognitive functions of the human brain. The premises in inductive reasoning are usually based on facts or observations, and constitute reasons for accepting the conclusion. Inductive reasoning is an open-ended process, that is to say, the conclusion induced from correct premises may be incorrect/ implausible. Inductive reasoning unde...