Although scanning electron microscope technology has been used for more than 60 years in many fields of medical research, no studies have focused on obtaining high-resolution microscopic images of onychomycosis of the toenail caused by Trichophyton rubrum in a geriatric population. To provide new insight into the intricate structure and behavior of chronic toenail onychomycosis, we produced thr...

A healthy 2-year-old girl was referred for toenail thickening and yellow discoloration; she was otherwise asymptomatic. The patient had no history of diabetes, infection, or trauma to her toenails. Physical examination revealed both great toenails to have marked thickening of the nail plate with closely spaced transverse superficial ridging, lack of luster, and dark tanyellowish discoloration (...

BACKGROUND Toenails were assessed as an alternative matrix to hair for retrospective monitoring of cocaine consumption of recreational and dependent users. Results/methodology: Toenail clippings, scrapings and hair samples from recreational and dependent cocaine users were analyzed for cocaine and metabolites. Dependent users displayed significantly higher concentrations in hair and toenail sam...

Studies suggest that chromium deficiency is associated with elevated levels of fasting blood glucose, circulating insulin, cholesterol and triglycerides, and decreased proportion of lean body mass. However, data directly relating chromium levels to metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk are lacking. A total of 3,648 American adults from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) stud...

We describe two patients in whom poor healing after chemical ablation for ingrown toenails unmasked significant vascular disease of the lower extremities. We have found no similar reports in the English language literature.

BACKGROUND Although Asian populations consume relatively large amounts of fish and seafood and have a high prevalence of metabolic diseases, few studies have investigated the association between chronic mercury exposure and metabolic syndrome and its effect modification by selenium. METHODS We analyzed baseline data from the Trace Element Study of Korean Adults in the Yeungnam area. Participa...

The associations between toenail levels of five trace elements and breast cancer risk were studied among a cohort of 62,641 US women who provided toenail clippings and were free from diagnosed breast cancer in 1982. Among 433 cases of breast cancer identified during 4 years of follow-up and their matched controls, the odds ratios comparing the highest with the lowest quintiles and adjusted for ...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the prevalence and factors influencing the presence of concomitant dermatomycoses in patients with toenail onychomycosis. DESIGN Prospective study based on a specially designed questionnaire completed by dermatologists. PATIENTS A total of 2761 patients with toenail onychomycosis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The diagnosis of fungal skin infections was confirmed by direct m...