Vertebrate photoreceptors initiate vision via a G-protein-mediated signaling cascade organized within a specialized cilium, the outer segment (OS). The membranous "stacked pancake" architecture of this organelle must be partially renewed daily to maintain cell function and viability; however, neither its static structure nor renewal process is well described in molecular terms. Glutamic acid-ri...

PURPOSE To measure the proportion of cases of retinitis pigmentosa (RP) caused by mutations in the peripherin/RDS (RDS) and ROM1 genes. METHODS The single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) method was used to analyze 227 unrelated patients with dominant or recessive RP for mutations in the RDS gene and an overlapping set of 315 unrelated patients for mutations in the ROM1 gene (excluding...

Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is a disease characterized by neonatal respiratory failure. It is principally caused by a deficiency of pulmonary surfactant, which is a lipoprotein mixture essential for reducing surface tension at the air-liquid interface of the alveolus. Prematurity is the major risk factor predisposing to RDS. Several pieces of evidence suggest the role of genetic factors...

OBJECTIVES To measure relative fitness and frailty in older people without specific frailty instruments and to relate that measurement to long-term health outcomes. DESIGN Retrospective cohort studies. SETTING Two population-based studies of people aged approximately 70 at baseline and followed up to 10 years (in the Canadian Study of Health and Aging (CSHA)) or 26 years in the Gothenburg H...

IT Governance (ITG) institutionalization might reduce the negative impact of political issues on IT results especially through the behavioral pillar. This research used the Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) concept to understand this phenomenon. OCB describes a person's voluntary commitment to an organization that is not part of his/her contractual tasks. The goal of this study is confi...

The purpose of this research is to examine why organizations with similar objectives and environments at the beginning obtain different outcomes when implementing enterprise architecture (EA) projects and how EA institutionalization process occurs. We conduct a qualitative multiple-case study using the lens of institutional theory through the analysis of intra-organization relations. The result...

Russian Doll Search (RDS) is a clever procedure to solve overconstrained problems. RDS solves a sequence of nested subprob-lems, where two consecutive subproblems diier in one variable only. We present the Specialized RDS (SRDS) algorithm, which solves the current subproblem for each value of the new variable with respect to the previous subproblem. The SRDS lower bound is superior to the RDS l...

Respondent-driven sampling (RDS) is a widely used method for sampling from hard-to-reach human populations, especially populations at higher risk for HIV. Data are collected through peer-referral over social networks. RDS has proven practical for data collection in many difficult settings and is widely used. Inference from RDS data requires many strong assumptions because the sampling design is...

Background: Preterm labor is at risk for respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and sometimes requires to mechanical ventilation (MV) and surfactant therapy. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and Nasal Continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) are the methods of respiratory support especially for using in RDS of neonates. In other method surfactant is administered to babies via tracheal...