If we consider some special conditions, we can assume fundamental group of a topological space as a new topological space. In this paper, we will present a number of theorems in topological fundamental group related to semilocally simply connected property for a topological space.

In this paper, we define a new concept of factorization for a bounded bilinear mapping $f:Xtimes Yto Z$, depended on  a natural number $n$ and a cardinal number $kappa$; which is called $n$-factorization property of level $kappa$. Then we study the relation between $n$-factorization property of  level $kappa$ for $X^*$ with respect to $f$ and automatically boundedness and $w^*$-$w^*$-continuity...

For a Tychonoff space $X$, we denote by $C_p(X)$ the space of all real-valued continuous functions on $X$ with the topology of pointwise convergence.  We study a functional characterization of the covering property of Hurewicz.

The aim of the present paper is to introduce the concept of joint common limit range property ((JCLR) property) for single-valued and set-valued maps in non-Archimedean fuzzy metric spaces. We also list some examples to show the difference between (CLR) property and (JCLR) property. Further, we establish common fixed point theorems using implicit relation with integral contractive condition. Se...

The difference between failure and success in developing a software-intensive system can often be traced to the presence or absence of clashes among the models used to define the system’s product, process, property, and success characteristics. (Here, we use a simplified version of one of Webster’s definitions of “model” a description or analogy used to help visualize something. We include anal...

Elman network is a class of recurrent neural networks used for function approximation. The main problem of this class is that its structure has a set of global sigmoid functions at its hidden layer. That means that if the operating conditions of a process be identified, are changed the function approximation property of the network is degraded. This paper introduces a new version of the Elman n...

The importance of patents for economic development in general and forBritish industrialization in particular remains an unresolved issue, but one thatduring the past twenty-five years has benefited from intensive historical re-search. This paper re-examines the debate in the light both of that research andof revisionist histories of the British industrial revolution. It focuses ...

in this paper, we analysis the concept and importance of property rights in classical and institutional economic thought schools. in doing so, we analysis the thoughts of luck, adam smith, say, ricardo, malthus, mill, marx, engels, marshal (some classical economists), coase, demsetz, north, and dosoto (some new institutional economists). the results of the paper revealed that: 1) classical econ...