We determine the phase diagram of a bilayer, Yao-Lee spin-orbital model with inter-layer interactions (J), for several stackings and moir\'e superlattices. For AA stacking, gapped Z2 quantum spin liquid emerges at finite Jc. show that this survives in well-controlled large-J limit, where an isotropic honeycomb toric code emerges. superlattices, finite-q hybridization is stabilized. This connect...

Existing fossil fuels do not meet the needs of modern societies and are almost coming to an end. Hence, governments can respond both to the needs of the people and the industry, by investing in the use of renewable energies. As well as saving fossil fuels, natural gas and even water. According to the research, renewable energy, especially wind energy, has been used in recent years and are able ...

Plants respond with changes in their pattern of gene expression and protein products when exposed to low temperatures. Thus ability to adapt has an impact on the distribution and survival of the plant, and on crop yields. Many species of tropical or subtropical origin are injured or killed by non-freezing low temperatures, and exhibit various symptoms of chilling injury such as chlorosis, necro...

MOTIVATION Developing a new method of assembling small sequences based on sequencing by hybridization with many positive and negative faults. First, an interpretation of a generic traveling salesman problem is provided (i.e. finding the shortest route for visiting many cities), using genetic algorithms. Second, positive errors are excluded before assembly by a sanitization process. RESULTS Th...

Oak gallwasps are cyclically parthenogenetic insects that induce a wide diversity of highly complex species- and generation-specific galls on oaks and other Fagaceae. Phylogenetic relationships within oak gallwasps remain to be established, while sexual and parthenogenetic generations of many species remain unpaired. Previous work on oak gallwasps has revealed substantial intra-specific variati...

Raphanobrassica is an allopolyploid species derived from inter-generic hybridization that combines the R genome from R. sativus and the C genome from B. oleracea var. alboglabra. In the present study, we used a high-throughput sequencing method to identify the mRNA and miRNA profiles in Raphanobrassica and its parents. A total of 33,561 mRNAs and 283 miRNAs were detected, 9,209 mRNAs and 134 mi...

Brassicaceae is a large plant family of special interest; it includes many economically important crops, herbs, and ornamentals, as well as model organisms. The taxonomy of the Brassicaceae has long been controversial because of the poorly delimited generic boundaries and artificially circumscribed tribes. Despite great effort to delimitate species and reconstruct the phylogeny of Brassicaceae,...

The maintenance of genetic diversity is a central goal of conservation. It is the raw material for evolutionary change and if lost, can accelerate extinction of species. According to theory, total genetic diversity should be less in species with restricted ranges and in populations on the margins of distributional ranges, making such species or populations more vulnerable to environmental pertu...

The phenomenal advances in sequencing techniques and analytical development during the last decade have provided a unique opportunity to unravel evolutionary history of lineages under complex patterns evolution. This is case largest clade ginseng family (Araliaceae), Asian Palmate group (AsPG), where large internal polytomies genome incongruences detected previous studies pointed scenario radia...

The CEC Project GOAL (Esprit 6283) aims to develop generic software tools to support a new project management paradigm, in which projects are collaborative, decentralised and inter-organizational. To support inter-organizational interaction, communication and cooperation, we are developing a design framework for formalizing the flow of information between organizations, specifying access to and...