Twelve healthy primiparous sows received intramammary inoculation with Escherichia coli (serotype O127) during the 24-h period preceding parturition. Mammary gland biopsy samples were taken immediately before inoculation (0 h) and from the inoculated and the contralateral non-inoculated glands 24 h after inoculation. The analyses of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta), IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis ...

We have examined the binding of human and rodent interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) to the type II IL-1 receptor on the human B cell line, Raji, on the mouse pre-B cell line, 70Z/3, and on human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs). Human IL-1ra binds to the receptors on the human B cells with an affinity (KD = 15 +/- 3 nM) equal to that of IL-1 alpha and only 15-fold lower than that of ...

Keratinocytes comprise the majority of cells in the epidermis, the interleukin-1 rich layer of tissue contiguous with the outside world. Keratinocytes produce IL-1 alpha and beta mRNA in vitro, but only IL-1 alpha biological activity has been identified in keratinocyte cultures. In contrast, monocytes secrete biological activities attributable to both species of IL-1. Using several monoclonal a...

Receptor-binding and subsequent signal-activation of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) are essential to immune and proinflammatory responses. We mutated 12 residues to identify sites important for biological activity and/or receptor binding. Four of these mutants with mutations in loop 9 (T117A, E118K, E118A, E118R) displayed significantly reduced biological activity. Neither T117A nor E118K mutants s...

Within the brain, the inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 (IL-1) mediates illnessassociated neural, neuroendocrine, and behavioral responses; however, its role in normal neurobehavioral processes is not clear. To examine the role of IL-1 signaling in memory, we infused Long–Evans rats intracerebroventricularly with IL-1b (10 ng/rat), IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra, 100 mg/rat), or saline imme...