protonation of the highly reactive 1:1 intermediates, produced in the reaction between triphenylphosphine and acetylenic esters, by nh-acids such as azathioprine, imidazole or theophylline leads to the formation of vinyltriphenylphosphonium salts, which undergo a michael addition reaction with a conjugate base to produce phosphorus ylides. silica nanoparticles (silica nps were prepared by therm...

Polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) membranes are subject to radical-induced degradation. Antioxidant strategies for hydrocarbon-based ionomers containing aromatic units can focus on intermediates that formed upon attack by hydroxyl radicals (HO · ). Among the different intermediates, cation radical P ·+ is most promising target repair, example cerium(III). For “repair” reaction of Ce(III) wit...

O u r recent experim ents on the m olten globule state and o ther protein folding in term ediates lead to following conclusions: (i) the m olten globule is separated by in tram olecular first-order phase transitions from the native and unfolded states and therefore is a specific therm odynam ic state of protein molecules; (ii) the novel equilibrium folding in term ediate (the ‘pre-m olten g lob...

The human red blood cell is readily available in a wide range of quantities and can be processed to a highly purified single cell suspension. It normally converts glucose almost quantitatively to lactic acid, and this conversion appears to be a predominant fraction of the total metabolic activity (1). Because of these characteristics the human red cell provides a convenient material for the stu...

Irradiation of phytochrome solutionsewith a high-intensity mixed red and far red light source causes measurable absorbancy increases at 543 nm. Evidence is presented that these absorbancy increases are caused by accumulation of intermediates on the PR to PFR pathway with relatively slow thermal decay constants. Kinetic analysis of the decay signals is consistent with the interpretation that the...

One possible mode of enzymic phosphoryli transfer involves formation of phosphoenzymes as intermediates. Thus far, however, convincing evidence for the formation of such intermediates has been obtained only for the phosphoglucomutase reaction (I, 2) and, to a lesser extent, for the phosphoglyceromutase reaction (3). Suggestive evidence has been reported for the participation of phosphoenzyme in...

We used the dye N-(3-triethylammoniumpropyl)-4-(p-diethylaminophenylhexatrienyl ) pyridinium dibromide (FM4-64) and a fusion protein, consisting of the green fluorescent protein appended to the peroxisomal targeting signal, Ser-Lys-Leu (SKL), to label the vacuolar membrane and the peroxisomal matrix, respectively, in living Pichia pastoris cells and followed by fluorescence microscopy the morph...