An anthropomorphic phantom was used to investigate a treatment technique and analyze the dose distributions for helical irradiation of the total skin (HITS) by helical tomotherapy (HT). Hypothetical bolus of thicknesses of 0, 10, and 15 mm was added around the phantom body to account for the dose homogeneity and setup uncertainty. A central core structure was assigned as a "complete block" to f...

There is a paucity of data on neonatal systemic exposure using different dosing paradigms. Male CD (Sprague-Dawley derived) rats at postnatal day (PND) 5 were dosed with chlorpyrifos (CPF, 1 mg/kg) using different routes of exposure, vehicles, and single versus divided doses. Blood concentrations of CPF and its primary metabolite, trichloropyridinol, were measured at multiple times through 24 h...

This work describes the use of 3D printing technology to create individualized boluses for patients treated with electron beam therapy for skin lesions of the eye canthi. It aimed to demonstrate the effectiveness of 3D-printed over manually fabricated paraffin boluses. The study involved 11 patients for whom the construction of individual boluses were required. CT scans of the fabricated 3D-pri...

BACKGROUND This article describes two novel and easy approaches for assessing the accuracy of insulin pumps as implemented within the artificial pancreas system. The approaches are illustrated by data testing the OmniPod Insulin Management System at its lowest delivery volume (0.05 U) and at doses of 0.1, 0.2, 1, and 6U. METHOD In method 1, a pipette, digital microscope, and imaging software ...

Background: This study describes the possibility of implementing three-dimensional printing technology to create a precise construction of a planned bolus, based on computed tomography information stored in the Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) format file. Materials and Methods:  To create the bolus with a 3D printer, we converted data in the DICOM format to the s...

BACKGROUND Bolus thrombolytic therapy is a simplified means of administering thrombolysis that facilitates rapid time to treatment. TNK-tissue plasminogen activator (TNK-tPA) is a highly fibrin-specific single-bolus thrombolytic agent. METHODS AND RESULTS In TIMI 10B, 886 patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction presenting within 12 hours were randomized to receive either a sing...

OBJECTIVE Effective and easily implemented insulin regimens are needed to facilitate hospital glycemic control in general medical and surgical patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This multicenter trial randomized 375 patients with T2D treated with diet, oral antidiabetic agents, or low-dose insulin (≤ 0.4 units/kg/day) to receive a basal-bolus regimen with glargin...

Introduction Malaria continues to pose a public health challenge in Ghana particularly in pregnant women. Ghana adopted intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy policy using sulphadoxine pyrimethamine. Despite its implementation, its coverage still remains low. This study sought to investigate factors that influence the uptake of intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in ...

The pharmacokinetics of alfentanil under the conditions of an empirically derived 1-h continuous infusion of 3 micrograms kg-1 min-1, with a bolus of 80 micrograms kg-1, both i.v., were determined in five patients. The distribution half-life (mean +/- SD) (7.4 +/- 3.1 min), elimination half-life (86.7 +/- 15.8 min), apparent volume of distribution, Varea (0.44 +/- 0.15 litre kg-1) and eliminati...