Because of the existence composite faults, which consist both short-out and eccentricity characteristics output voltage internal magnetic field aviation generators are less different than those single faults; this causes fault to be difficult identify. In order solve problem, paper proposes a diagnosis method using an enhanced fireworks algorithm (EnFWA) optimize deep belief network (DBN). The ...

This paper presents a real-time phase-domain synchronous machine model for generator protection relay testing and its real-time implementation. The model allows full protection scheme validation including split-phase differential and statorground fault protections. Space harmonics are considered through the use of modified winding function theory, which is used to represent arbitrary winding di...

• A novel semi AI-based protection element proposed for the MMC-MTDC, including a start-up criterion and fault-identification criterio. The using surge-propagating characteristics to identify fault direction. used forward internal faults. has sufficient speed, sensitivity, security, selectivity. multi-terminal HVDC system based on modular multilevel converter (MMC-MTDC) is promising technique f...

Ahsfracf -Two-pattern or multipattern test sequences may fail to detect CMOS stuck-open faults in the presence of glitches. The available methods to augment CMOS gates for testing stuck-open faults are found to be inadequate in the presence of glitches. A new testable CMOS design technique is presented. Some extra transistors are used in such a way that the CMOS gate is converted to a pseudo nM...

This paper presents an efficient wavelet and neural network (WNN) based approach for distinguishing magnetizing inrush currents from internal fault currents in three phase power transformers. The wavelet transform is applied first to decompose the current signals of the power transformer into a series of detailed wavelet components. The values of the detailed coefficients obtained can discrimin...

Ground faults in photovoltaic (PV) systems pose a fire and shock hazard. To mitigate these risks, AC-isolated, DC grounded PV systems in the United States use Ground Fault Protection Devices (GFPDs), e.g., fuses, to de-energize the PV system when there is a ground fault. Recently the effectiveness of these protection devices has come under question because multiple fires have started when groun...

This paper addresses the problem of fault collapsing in asynchronous circuits. We investigate different transistor-level implementations of some basic elements that are used in delay-insensitive asynchronous circuit designs, and analyze them in the presence of single stuckat faults. From this analysis, we conclude that all internal stuck-at faults which are detectable by Boolean testing, can be...