Sonoyama, Kei, Suriya Rutatip, and Takanori Kasai. Gene expression of activin, activin receptors, and follistatin in intestinal epithelial cells. Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 278: G89–G97, 2000.—Gene expression of activin, activin receptors, and follistatin was investigated in vivo and in vitro using semiquantitative RT-PCR in intestinal epithelial cells. Rat jejunum and the int...

he association of inflammation with tumors was first noted nearly 2,000 years ago by Galen. Today, chronic inflammation caused by intestinal diseases such as colitis is known to be a major contributing factor to the onset of colon cancer. In a new report by Florian Greten, Michael Karin (University of California, San Diego, CA), and colleagues, NFB, an inflammation-inducing transcription factor...

Physiologically relevant sources of absorptive intestinal epithelial cells are crucial for human drug transport studies. Human adenocarcinoma-derived intestinal cell lines, such as Caco-2, offer conveniences of easy culture maintenance and scalability, but do not fully recapitulate in vivo intestinal phenotypes. Additional sources of renewable physiologically relevant human intestinal cells wou...

An increase in cytosolic free Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](cyt)) results from Ca(2+) release from intracellular stores and extracellular Ca(2+) influx through Ca(2+)-permeable ion channels and is crucial for initiating intestinal epithelial restitution to reseal superficial wounds after mucosal injury. Capacitative Ca(2+) entry (CCE) induced by Ca(2+) store depletion represents a major Ca(2+)...

Ileal lesions in 36.4% of patients with Crohn's disease are colonized by pathogenic adherent-invasive Escherichia coli. The aim of this study was to determine the in vitro inhibitory effects of the probiotic strain, Lactobacillus casei DN-114 001, on adhesion to and invasion of human intestinal epithelial cells by adherent-invasive E. coli isolated from Crohn's disease patients. The experiments...

he association of inflammation with tumors was first noted nearly 2,000 years ago by Galen. Today, chronic inflammation caused by intestinal diseases such as colitis is known to be a major contributing factor to the onset of colon cancer. In a new report by Florian Greten, Michael Karin (University of California, San Diego, CA), and colleagues, NFB, an inflammation-inducing transcription factor...

Human colonic epithelial cell renewal, proliferation, and differentiation are stringently controlled by numerous regulatory pathways. To identify genetic programs of human colonic epithelial cell differentiation in vivo as well as candidate marker genes that define colonic epithelial stem/progenitor cells and the stem cell niche, we applied gene expression analysis of normal human colon tops an...

There is momentum in biomedical research to improve the structure and function of vitro intestinal models that better represent human biology. To build a more comprehensive model, three cell-types were co-cultured characterized: i.e., HT29-MTX (intestinal mucous-producing goblet cells), Caco-2 (colon epithelial Raji B (lymphocytes). cells transformed subpopulation into phagocytic transcytotic i...

Abstract Background The study of the intestinal epithelial barrier is hampered by lack a suitable in vitro model system. Patient-derived organoids (PDOs) recapitulate cellular diversity and patient heterogeneity provide relevant platform to epithelium its response microbial or inflammatory challenges. Here, we present characterization an bowel disease (IBD) organoid biobank derived from Crohn’s...

The factors that mediate binding of Salmonella typhimurium to small intestinal epithelial cells have not been fully characterized. In this paper we demonstrate that elimination of production of thin aggregative fiber by a transposon insertion within the gene encoding the subunit protein of the fiber reduced binding of S. typhimurium SR-11 to a conditionally immortalized proximal small intestina...