This study was performed to investigate the role of glutamate neurotransmitter system on gastrointestinal motility in a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model of rats. The right middle cerebral artery was occluded by surgical operation, and intestinal transit and geometric center as a parameter of gastrointestinal motility and expression of c-Fos protein in the insular cortex and cingula...

W HEN an animal is killed by a blow on the head and its abdomen opened immediately, the intestinal tract is frequently seen in a state of violent activity. This is presumably due to the acute asphyxia which develops upon sudden cessation of the circulation. It has been previously shown in mice (I) and in rats (2) that anoxic anoxia alone (i.e., without accumulation of carbon dioxide, as in asph...

The intestine is a long tube, the walls of which are composed of a number of layers: the inner mucosal layer, the function of which is absorption and secretion; a submucosal layer with vascular and lymphatic components in a connective tissue framework forming an important link with the mucosa. Muscle layers follow and form the propulsive mechanism, an inner circular layer which is more powerful...

The second edition of Best and Taylor's textbook, The Physiological Basis of Medical Practice, was published in 1939 and can be taken as an example of the extent of knowledge about intestinal motility immediately preceding World War II. In this edition, a large amount of space was dedicated to discussion of the movements of the stomach, much less to the small intestine, and only a few relativel...

Pressure changes were evaluated in the transverse, descending, and rectosigmoid colon of 30 children with chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction. Twenty two had severe lifelong constipation and eight had symptoms suggesting a motility disorder exclusively of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Based on prior antroduodenal manometry, 24 children were diagnosed as having a neuropathic and six a myop...

INTRODUCTION Intestinal inflammatory responses play a critical role in the pathogenesis of postoperative ileus (POI). As cannabinoid receptor-1 (CB1) is involved in inhibiting gastrointestinal (GI) motility and anti-inflammation, we aimed to explore its contribution to POI. METHODS Experimental POI was induced in adult female CB1-deficient (CB1-/-) mice and wild-type littermates (C57BL/6N) by...

The interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) are basic components of gastrointestinal motility. However, changes in ICC and their role in post-infection irritable bowel syndrome (PI-IBS) remain to be elucidated. To observe the impact of alterations in the ICC on intestinal motility in a PI-IBS mouse model, female C57BL\6 mice were infected by the oral administration of 400 Trichinella spiralis larvae....