The oligopeptide transporter peptide cotransporter-1 Slc15a1 (PEPT1) plays a major role in the regulation of nitrogen supply, since it is responsible for 70% of the dietary nitrogen absorption. Previous studies demonstrated that PEPT1 expression and function in jejunum are reduced in diabetes and obesity, suggesting a nitrogen malabsorption from the diet. Surprisingly, we reported here a decrea...

Sepsis frequently occurs after hemorrhage, trauma, burn, or abdominal surgery and is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in severely ill patients. We performed experiments to delineate intestinal molecular and functional motility consequences of polymicrobial sepsis in the clinically relevant cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) sepsis model. CLP was performed on male Sprague-Dawley rats. G...

This study investigated the effects of honey on intestinal motility and transit using twenty (20) male albino rats of Wistar strain weighing 210-220g. The rats were randomly grouped into control and honey-fed (test) groups of ten (10) rats each. The control group was fed on normal rat chow ( Pfizer Company, Nigeria ) and water while the test group was fed on rat feed, water and honey ( 1 ml of ...

As can be seen from Table II, emptying of the stomach in ulcerative colitis may be delayed. Although some patients were investigated in the active phase of their illness by no means all were toxic and in the main they were longstanding cases. In addition small intestine transit time is slow, but since in only five of eight of this group was it possible to complete the investigation due to the p...

Excreted hydrogen analysis was used to measure stomach to caecum transit time of the head of a test meal in 120 rats fed by gavage. Results were compared with the distribution of a labelled test meal in the gastrointestinal tract of rats killed at different time intervals after gavage. Values for stomach to caecum transit were compatible with the distribution of labelled meals in 91% of animals...

Differential measurements of small and large bowel transit times were performed in 13 subjects iwth a radiotelemetering pressure-sensitive capsule incorporating less than 10mugCi of 51-Cr. Six patients had constipation. The other seven patients had diarrhoea due to the irritable bowel syndrome (3), following vagotomy and pyloroplasty (3), or due to laxative abuse (1). This new method enables th...

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate scientifically the anti-diarrhoeal effects of ethanolic (90%) extract of Casuarina equisetifolia Linn (EECE) was studied against castor oil-induced-diarrhoea model in rats. Antidiarrhoeal activity of 90% ethanol extract of Casuarina equisetifolia was investigated in this study using castor oil-induced-diarrhoea, enteropooling and Small intestinal...

BACKGROUND Patients with abdominal bloating and distension exhibit impaired transit of intestinal gas which may lead to excessive gas retention and symptoms. Furthermore, we have previously shown that intestinal gas transit is normally accelerated by rectal distension. We hypothesise that in patients with functional bloating this modulatory mechanism fails and impairs gas transit. METHODS In ...

Mirtazapine is a noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressant. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of mirtazapine on gastrointestinal motility in dogs, including solid gastric emptying, antral and small intestinal contractions, and small intestinal and colonic transit. Six dogs were implanted with two cannulas located at the duodenum and the ascending colon; another s...

Increasing consumption of refined sugar has been implicated in many gastrointestinal disorders on epidemiological grounds. Nine volunteers agreed to participate in a study comparing the effects of a diet containing 165 g refined sugar/day with a diet of only 60 g/day on gut transit, bile acid metabolism, and fermentative activity of the intestinal flora. The wet and dry weight, pH, and water co...