Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are prone to develop cardiovascular disorders. Numerous reports have shown the association between uremia and oxidative stress, which increases patients' risk for cumulative injury to multiple organs. Anemia is a common and disabling feature of CKD and seems to be a main cause of oxidative stress; correction of anemia represents an effective approach t...

Title: The importance of iron in long-term survival of maintenance hemodialysis patients treated with epoetin-alpha and intravenous iron: analysis of 9.5 years of prospectively collected data

BACKGROUND Erythropoietin (Epo) is an effective but expensive treatment for anaemia in patients with chronic renal failure. Hyporesponsiveness to Epo, particularly in haemodialysis patients, is most commonly due to a functional iron deficiency, which is difficult to monitor reliably. METHODS Forty-six stable haemodialysis patients, receiving Epo therapy, were commenced on regular low-dose int...

BACKGROUND The literature contends that oral iron supplementation is relatively ineffective in patients who are on long-term hemodialysis (HD), and intravenous iron is the superior form of supplementation. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, AND MEASUREMENTS Data were prospectively abstracted from a cross-sectional cohort of all patients in the long-term in-center HD program at St. Michael's Hospi...

Title: The importance of iron in long-term survival of maintenance hemodialysis patients treated with epoetin-alpha and intravenous iron: analysis of 9.5 years of prospectively collected data

Iron deficiency anemia is a common problem worldwide, and doctors of all specialties need to be competent in its treatment. While most patients respond well to oral iron preparations, a substantial minority have side effects that make them adhere poorly to their treatment. For oral iron‑intolerant patients, those responding poorly despite good adherence, and those with severe and/or symptomatic...

Currently, in many centres, intravenous administration of iron is becoming increasingly popular because of higher efficacy and decreased side effects, mainly gastrointestinal, compared with oral iron therapy. Studies of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose administration in the postpartum setting and in patients with non-dialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease revealed a decrease in serum phosph...