OBJECTIVE [corrected] To estimate the association between passive and active smoking exposures and lung cancer in Mexico City and the corresponding attributable risks. MATERIAL AND METHODS Data was analyzed from a multicenter population-based case-control study conducted in Mexico City. RESULTS ORs for lung cancer in ever smokers were 6.2 (95% CI 3.9-10.2) for males and 2.8 (95% CI 1.7-4.4)...

Nagaoka City, a city with a population of about 150,000 in Niigata prefecture, experienced an epidemic of poliovirus type 2 infections in 1958 in which 21 paralytic cases were observed, showing a case incidence of approximately 40 per 100,000 population (Saito et al., 1960, Kitaoka, 1960). The Health Authorities of the city had been interested in introducing protective measures against polio in...

IntroductionThe number of children with asthma has increased significantly in China. In recent years, there been a steady increase outpatient visits asthma, attributed to poor air quality and environmental pollution reported regionally at our institution. This study aimed assess the association between Xi’an, largest city northwest China.MethodsWe searched database children’s hospital Xi’an for...

The nasal passages are a common portal of entry and are a prime site for toxicant-induced pathology. Sustained increases in regenerative cell proliferation can be a significant driving force in chemical carcinogenesis. The atmosphere in Mexico City contains a complex mixture of air pollutants and its residents are exposed chronically and sequentially to numerous toxicants and potential carcinog...

The encoding of cities into non-planar dual graphs reveals their complex structure. We investigate the statistics of the typical space syntax measures for the five different compact urban patterns. Universal statistical behavior of space syntax measures uncovers the universality of the city creation mechanism. 1 Paradigm of a city Although, nowadays the majority of people live in cities [1] the...

OBJECTIVES To evaluate client and agency satisfaction with a specific assertive community treatment subprogram, known as inner-city support, developed in Edmonton to target the inner-city population, and to determine the demographics and potential needs of this population. METHOD Clients were administered questionnaires based on the Client Satisfaction Questionnaire and the Satisfaction With ...

In the last decade, digital footprints have been used to cluster population activity into functional areas of cities. However, a key aspect has been overlooked: we experience our cities not only by performing activities at specific destinations, but also by moving from one place to another. In this paper, we propose to analyze and cluster the city based on how people move through it. Particular...

In the last decade, digital footprints have been used to cluster population activity into functional areas of cities. However, a key aspect has been overlooked: we experience our cities not only by performing activities at specific destinations, but also by moving from one place to another. In this paper, we propose to analyze and cluster the city based on how people move through it. Particular...

BACKGROUND The majority of severe and fatal burn injuries result from residential fires. We studied the effectiveness of a smoke-alarm-giveaway program in the prevention of burn injuries in an area with a high rate of such injuries. METHODS We collected data on burn injuries in Oklahoma City from September 1987 through April 1990. The target area for the intervention was an area of 24 square ...