The study of gastrointestinal function during infancy has been impeded by the invasiveness, impracticality, and imprecision of the conventional techniques of internal medicine transposed to newborn and young infants. Quantitative data on the intraluminal phase of digestion are usually obtained in adults from analyses of duodenal fluid, whereas mucosal functions are investigated with biopsies an...

Tension pneumothorax in newborns is a rare but life-threatening complication. We encountered a case of a full-term neonate with a breech presentation. An elective cesarean section was scheduled. Immediately after delivery, the newborn was found to be breathless with a heart rate <60/min. During intubation and cardiac massage, the patient's femoral artery and vein were accessed. The infantogram ...

A 1-day-old newborn was referred with prenatal echocardiographic diagnosis of cardiac mass. Born by caesarean section at 38 3 weeks of pregnancy, he presented with cyanosis and bradycardia at birth, requiring immediate intubation and mechanical ventilation. Chest x-ray demonstrated cardiomegaly with a cardiothoracic index of 0.7 (Figure 1). Echocardiographic examination (Figure 2 and Movie I in...

background: increase in intraocular pressure (iop) following tracheal intubation during general anesthesia can be troublesome. we compared the influence of two muscle relaxants, cisatracurium and atracurium, on iop in patients undergoing general anesthesia. methods: this randomized, double-blind, comparative trial was conducted on 90 candidates for elective non-ophthalmic surgery under general ...

X-linked recessive myotubular myopathy (XLMTM) is a severe congenital muscle disorder caused by mutations in the MTM1 gene and characterized by severe hypotonia and generalized muscle weakness in affected males. It is generally a fatal disorder during the neonatal period and early infancy. The diagnosis is based on typical histopathological findings on muscle biopsy, combined with suggestive cl...

Effective resuscitation of the newborn requires knowledge of the cause of depression. Four major causes are trauma, asphyxia, medication, and malformation. More than one of these may contribute to depression in a single infant. The first principles of resuscitation are to avoid cooling the infant and to establish an airway. Infants with an Apgar score of 3 to 4 at one minute usually need bag-an...

OBJECTIVE. Airway management and endotracheal intubation may be required urgently when a patient deteriorates in an ambulance or aircraft during interhospital transfer or in a prehospital setting. The objectives of this study were: (1) to compare the effectiveness of conventional intubation by Macintosh laryngoscope in a moving ambulance versus that in a static ambulance; and (2) to compare the...

BACKGROUND Newborn infants with respiratory failure are often treated with intubation and mechanical ventilation for prolonged periods of time. Our objective was to evaluate whether increasing use of non-invasive respiratory support in newborn infants can improve patient health and reduce costs. METHODS We utilized a natural experiment that took place in October 2008 when a large neonatal int...

The dermoid is a rare and benign malformation of bigerminal origin. It is seen frequently in the neonatal period, and the clinical presentation depends on the site and on the size of the lesion, and the classical clinical picture is of a tumor derived from the naso- or oropharynx, leading to respiratory distress and/or feeding disorders. A female newborn was born cyanotic requiring intubation. ...