During normal breathing, the upper airway warms and moistens the inspired air such that, at the level of the main carina, humidity reaches 44 mg H2O/L (100% relative humidity at 37°C, the average core temperature of humans). Conversely, during invasive mechanical ventilation, orotracheal or tracheostomy tubes bypass the upper airways, determining a decrease of approximately 75% of respiratory g...

OBJECTIVE: To present self-assessments of knowledge about mechanical ventilation made by final-year medical students, residents, and physicians taking qualifying courses at the Brazilian Society of Internal Medicine who work in urgent and emergency settings. METHODS: A 34-item questionnaire comprising different areas of knowledge and training in mechanical ventilation was given to 806 medical...

BACKGROUND Noninvasive ventilation has been studied as a means of reducing complications among patients being weaned from invasive mechanical ventilation. We sought to summarize evidence comparing noninvasive and invasive weaning and their effects on mortality. METHODS We identified relevant randomized and quasirandomized trials through searches of databases, conference proceedings and grey l...

To compare the efficacy of olokizumab and tocilizumab in reducing risk invasive mechanical ventilation or death hospitalized patients with COVID-19.

administration of endotracheal surfactant is potentially the main treatment for neonates suffering from rds (respiratory distress syndrome), which is followed by mechanical ventilation. late and severe complications may develop as a consequence of using mechanical ventilation. in this study, conventional methods for treatment of rds are compared with surfactant administration, use of mechanical...

Objective/Methods. To determine the outcomes of invasive neonatal candidiasis before institution of routine antifungal prophylaxis, we conducted a retrospective review of cases of invasive candidiasis in newborns in a referral-based neonatal intensive care unit located in a single tertiary academic center between January 1998 and December 2002. Results. Sixty-three newborns with invasive neonat...

Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) was introduced as an alternative to invasive mechanical ventilation for acute respiratory failure caused from exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the 1980s, and its use gradually rose worldwide. Seventy-eight patients (57 males, mean age 78.3 ± 9.2 years) undergoing NIV were evaluated. Of them, 48 (62.3%) had acute hypercapnic respiratory fail...

About 20% to 30% of patients are difficult to wean from invasive mechanical ventilation. The pathophysiology of difficult weaning is complex. Accordingly, determining the reason for difficult weaning and subsequently developing a treatment strategy require a dedicated clinician with in-depth knowledge of the pathophysiology of weaning failure. This review presents a structural framework ('ABCDE...

OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes for patients with lung cancer admitted to intensive care units and assess their clinical and demographic profiles. METHODS Retrospective, analytical, observational study, wherein the outcomes for patients diagnosed with lung cancer admitted to the intensive care unit of university hospital from January 2010 until February 2011 were evaluated...

We describe survival in Duchenne dystrophy by invasive and noninvasive ventilation vs. untreated. Patients were untreated prior to 1984 (Group 1), underwent tracheotomy from 1984 until 1991 (Group 2), and were managed by noninvasive mechanical ventilation and cardioprotective medications subsequently (Group 3). Symptoms, vital capacity, and blood gases were monitored for all and spirometry, cou...