For a commutative ring R, let Nil(R) be the set of all nilpotent elements of R, Z(R) be the set of all zero divisors of R, T (R) be the total quotient ring of R, and H = {R | R is a commutative ring and Nil(R) is a divided prime ideal of R}. For a ring R ∈ H, let φ : T (R) −→ RNil(R) such that φ(a/b) = a/b for every a ∈ R and b ∈ R\Z(R). A ring R is called a ZPUI ring if every proper ideal of R...

Let H = (H; V) be a hypergraph with edge set H and vertex set V. Then H is invertible ii there exists a permutation of V such that for all E 2 H, (E) \ E = ;. H is invertibility critical if H is not invertible but every hypergraph obtained by removing an edge from H is invertible. The degree of H is d if fE 2 Hjx 2 Eg d for each x 2 V. Let i(d) be the maximum number of edges of an invertibility...

In this paper, we describe linear maps between complex Banach algebras that preserve products equal to fixed elements. This generalizes some important special cases where the elements are zero or identity element. First show if such map preserves a finite-rank operator, then it must also product. several instances, is enough product preserving be scalar multiple of an algebra homomorphism. Seco...

Secure multi-party computation (MPC) allows a set of n players to securely compute an agreed function, even when up to t players are under the control of an adversary. Known perfectly secure MPC protocols require communication of at least Ω(n) field elements per multiplication, whereas cryptographic or unconditional security is possible with communication linear in the number of players. We pre...

In 1954 Zelinsky [16] proved that every element in the ring of linear transformations of a vector space V over a division ring D is a sum of two units unless dim V = 1 and D = Z2. Because EndD(V ) is a (von-Neumann) regular ring, Zelinsky’s result generated quite a bit of interest in regular rings that have the property that every element is a sum of (two) units. Clearly, a ring R, having Z2 as...