Cerebral edema, primarily caused by disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), is one of the serious complications associated with brain injury in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Our recent study demonstrated that the hypoxic-ischemic (HI) treatment significantly increased microRNA-210 (miR-210) in the neonatal rat brain and inhibition of miR-210 provided neuroprotection in ne...

This study was performed to evaluate the role of electroacupuncture on kidney 1 (Ki1) acupoint to prevent the heart and brain injury following ischemia/reperfusion of both kidneys. 24 Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned into four equal groups. In the treatment 1 group, following anesthesia, acupuncture needles were inserted on Ki1 on the palm of both hindlimbs and connected to electroacu...

The effects on eicosanoid levels were investigated in the stroke-resistant spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHRSR) brain and the relation of eicosanoid to the progression of cerebral edema was studied. The effects of dexamethasone, indomethacin and AA-861 on the induction of eicosanoids and cerebral edema were also studied in this model. Global cerebral ischemia was induced by occluding the bila...

Spreading depolarization (SD) is a phenomenon of various cerebral gray matter structures that only occurs under pathological conditions. In the present paper, we summarize the evidence from several decades of research that SD and cytotoxic edema in these structures are largely overlapping terms. SD/cytotoxic edema is a toxic state that - albeit initially reversible - leads eventually to cellula...

Brain edema after hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) is a serious problem in neonates. Mannitol can mitigate edema; however, the molecular mechanism has not been fully elucidated. It has been reported that aquaporin-4 (AQP4), a member of the water channel protein family, plays a vital role in the development of brain edema. We therefore investigated whether mannitol might alleviate brain edem...

Brain edema formation and the ensuing brain damages are the major cause of high mortality and long term disability following the occurrence of ischemic stroke. In this process, oxygen and glucose deprivation and the resulting reperfusion injury play primary roles. In response to the ischemic insult, the neurovascular unit experiences both intracellular and extracellular edemas, associated with ...

Steroids reduce permeability of the blood-brain barrier and inhibit active sodium transport by brain capillaries in vitro. Since the rate of edema formation during the early stages of ischemia is related to the rate of sodium transport from blood to brain, this study was designed to determine whether steroids reduce ischemic edema formation by inhibiting blood-brain barrier sodium transport. De...