The selectivity filter of the KcsA K+ channel has two typical conformations-the conductive and the collapsed conformations, respectively. The transition from the conductive to the collapsed filter conformation can represent the process of inactivation that depends on many environmental factors. Water molecules permeating behind the filter can influence the collapsed filter stability. Here we pe...

Background. K-wires are thought to be extremely safe implants and complications as a result of direct insertion or migration are very rare. Complications may be life-threatening in some instances where migration results in injury to vital organs. We report one such case where antegrade migration of K-wire from the hip resulted in injury to external iliac artery and formation of external iliac a...

Chi and Mendel [I], [9] analyzed the performance of the minimum-variance deconvolution (MVD). In this correspondence, a further analysis of the performance of the MVD filter is presented. We show that the MVD filter performs like an inverse filter and a whitening filter as SNR + 00, and like a matched filter as SNR + 0. The estimation error e (k) of the MVD filter is colored noise, but it becom...

We explore the use of preconditioned inversion in the reflection angle domain rather than migration to improve imaging in complex media. We use a wave-equation method to create reflection angle domain common image gathers and we apply steering filter preconditioning to smooth along the reflection angles. This improves the common image gathers. The improved common image gathers are more continuo...

Combinatorial filters have been the subject of increasing interest from the robotics community in recent years. This paper considers automatic reduction of combinatorial filters to a given size, even if that reduction necessitates changes to the filter’s behavior. We introduce an algorithmic problem called improper filter reduction, in which the input is a combinatorial filter F along with an i...

Traditionally, direct implementation of a K-tap FIR filter requires K multiply-and-accumulate (MAC) blocks, which are expensive to implement in FPGA due to logic complexity and resource usage. To resolve this issue, we first present DA, which is a architecture without multiplier. This paper implements the DA architecture. This architecture is applicable to only one type of filter Coefficients i...