Bone has the ability to adapt its shape and size in response to mechanical loads via a process known as modelling in which bones are shaped or reshaped by the independent action of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Remodelling is a process that maintains mechanical integrity of the skeleton, allowing it to selectively repair and replace damaged bone. During adulthood, bone remodelling is the dominan...

Aworkshop held last June by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Director’s Office, Nature Publishing Group, and Science focused on the role that journals play in supporting scientific research that is reproducible, robust, and transparent. The “Principles and Guidelines for Reporting Preclinical Research” (http://www.nih.gov/ research-training/rigor-reproducibility/principles-guidelines-rep...

Weidlein and Reck [1], in a paper titled “A Million Years of Standards” state, “Standards are as old as man. The spoken word, perhaps the oldest standard of all, grew up with him; others slowly developed over the millenia. Standards of behavior, which may ante­ date even the language, crystallized gradually as folkways and mores, and as practices of worship.” Although we are not interested in t...

testing methods are not adequately recorded or reported, assuring the quality of the information generated—and thus, the quality of the compost produced—is impossible. Since sample collection, handling, storage, and shipping are generally conducted by facility personnel, a quality assurance program that addresses these steps must be developed by each facility. The key steps in developing such a...

From Family Voices, Inc, Lexington, MA (Ms Wells); and National Partnership for Women and Families Washington, DC (Ms Partridge) The opinions expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the US Department of Health and Human Services, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, or the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. The authors have no co...