abstract. today, there is no specific method or criterion for selecting contractors in the researches’ field. usually this selection is regarded as a matter of taste and as a result, there is no coordinated approach in the mentioned domain. sometimes, after signing the contract, the inappropriate selection became clear. the managers are in direct need of a pattern for selecting the contractors....

When answering questions from memory, respondents strategically control the precision or coarseness of their answers. This grain control process is guided by 2 countervailing aims: to be informative and to be correct. Previously, M. Goldsmith, A. Koriat, and A. Weinberg Eliezer (2002) proposed a satisfying model in which respondents provide the most precise answer that passes a minimum-confiden...