This study examines the impact of proximity, anonymity, and information exposure on group polarization in a GSS context. Proximity was studied at two levels: proximate and distributed. Anonymity was examined at two levels: identified and anonymous. Information exposure was also varied at two levels: exposure to positions without arguments and exposure to positions with arguments. The dependent ...

The proximate analysis is the most common form of coal evaluation and it reveals the quality of a coal sample. It examines four factors including the moisture, ash, volatile matter (VM), and fixed carbon (FC) within the coal sample. Every factor is determined through a distinct experimental procedure under ASTM specified conditions. These determinations are time consuming and require a signific...

BACKGROUND Many analyses of the determinants of fertility make a distinction between proximate and background determinants. The former include behavioral factors such as the use of contraception or abortion through which the background determinants (e.g., social and economic variables) affect fertility. These relationships were first recognized by Davis and Blake (1956), who defined a large set...

Fibrotic disorders account for an increasing burden of disease-associated morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although numerous risk factors have been recognized, the etiologies of many of these clinical syndromes have not been identified, and they are often termed idiopathic or cryptogenic. Here, we provide an evolutionary perspective on fibrosis aimed at elucidating its etiopathogenesis. By as...

In this study, in order to know the variability for a breeding plant genetic diversity and relationships. Proximate composition, physicochemical and morphological analysis were carried out on sesame seeds (sesamum indicum), on 35 different cultivars from different areas in Morocco. The seeds were found to be a good source of protein with the values ranged from 26% to 28%, also the results showe...

Scientists, in their endeavors, deal with different levels of causation, which can be conceptualized on a continuum of proximate to ultimate. Proximate causes refer to more immediate variables, ultimate to those more remote. For example, if you were asked why you were reading this chapter, a proximate explanation might be that it was recommended for a course you were teaching or taking; an ulti...

Microsatellite and R4PD markers suggest that American chestnut exists as a highly variable species. e\ en at the margins of its natural range. \+ ith a large proportion of its genetic \-ariabilir). occurring within populations (-95%). A statistically significant proportion also exists among populations. Although genetic differentiation among populations has taken place. no disjunct regional pat...

Changes in the chemical composition and functional properties of fermented seed flour of Pigeon pea, Cajanus cajan L. were studied for 0,1,2,3,4 and 5 days. The differently fermented seeds were analyzed for proximate composition, calorific values and functional properties. Results showed that fermentation significantly (p≤ 0.05) increased the moisture, protein and ash contents of the seed while...