The antiproliferative properties and cell death mechanism induced by the extract of the fruits of Luffa echinata Roxb. (LER) were investigated. The methanolic extract of LER inhibited the proliferation of human colon cancer cells (HT-29) in both dose-dependent and time-dependent manners and caused a significant increase in the population of apoptotic cells. In addition, obvious shrinkage and de...

The hazard ratio (HR) is the most common measure of treatment effect in clinical trials that use time-to-event outcomes such as survival. When survival curves cross over or separate only after a considerable time, the proportional hazards assumption of the Cox model is violated, and HR can be misleading. We present two measures of treatment effects for situations where the HR changes over time:...

in order to study different arrangements and weed controls effects on mung bean (vigna radiate l. wilczek) – black cumin (nigella sativa l.) intercropping an experiment was conducted at the research station of faculty of agriculture, ferdowsi university of mashhad, iran, during growing season 2005 – 2006. sixteen treatments comprising combinations of eight sowing patterns [a1: sole black cumin,...

Excessive gibberellin (GA) signalling, mediated through the DELLA proteins, has a negative impact on plant fertility. Loss of DELLA activity in the monocot rice (Oryza sativa) causes complete male sterility, but not in the dicot model Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) ecotype Landsberg erecta (Ler), in which DELLA function has been studied most extensively, leading to the assumption that DELLA...

Research project entitled “Yield and economic dynamics of intercropping in summer vegetables ” was conducted at Horticultural Research Farm, NWFP Agricultural University, Peshawar (Pakistan) during 1999 and 2000. Summer vegetables were evaluated alone and in various combinations for their yield, land equivalent ratio and income in intercrop combinations. Each plot was 4x4 m whereas number of ro...

Nutrition plays a critical role in maternal and fetal health; however, research on error in the measurement of energy intake during pregnancy is limited. The authors analyzed data on 998 women living in central North Carolina with singleton pregnancies during 2001-2005. Second-trimester diet was assessed by food frequency questionnaire. Estimated energy requirements were calculated using Instit...

The adoption of eco-friendly fertilizers is increasingly perceived as a sustainable avenue for improving the quantity and quality medicinal aromatic plants. Here, we investigated how intercropping bio-fertilizer application impacted productivity essential oil mung bean marjoram. Treatments were conducted using monocropping (MBm) marjoram (Om), well additive ratios (100% + 15% (O/15MB), 100% 30%...