The hypothesis that respiratory heat loss was an initiating event in EIA was first proposed by CHEN and HoRTON [1) and later supported by McFADDEN et al. [2], who suggested that the severity of EIA is dependent upon the rapidity and magnitude of airway rewarming after exercise. It has been suggested that the airway cooling which results from hyperpnoea during exercise is followed by a rapid re-...

Recent evidence suggests that pituitary galanin synthesized in the lactotroph is a paracrine regulator of lactotroph proliferation and PRL secretion and that these effects are mediated via a pituitary-specific galanin receptor, GAL-R2(orig.). At this receptor subtype, the galanin fragment 3-29 is fully active, in contrast to both the cloned GAL-R1 and GAL-R2, at which this fragment is inactive....

A meta-analysis was conducted to summarize the results of studies which have described the profiles of hormones during the oestrous cycle in buffalo using a fixed effect model and a random effect model. Plasma progesterone concentrations were lowest (0.30±0.06 ng/ml) during the peri-oestrous phase and increased (p = 0.067) through the early luteal phase to a maximum concentration (1.94±0.03 ng/...

Acute bronchoconstriction after isocapnic hyperpnea can be produced in most asthmatic individuals. However, the existence of a late-phase response is less certain. We used a canine model of isocapnic hyperpnea to test the hypothesis that this discrepancy is due to differences in the challenge threshold for the responses. Acute-phase and late-phase bronchoconstriction was measured in nine dogs a...

In antral mucous cells, acetylcholine (ACh, 1 μM) activates Ca(2+)-regulated exocytosis, consisting of a peak in exocytotic events that declines rapidly (initial phase) followed by a second slower decline (late phase) lasting during ACh stimulation. GW7647 [a peroxisome proliferation activation receptor α (PPARα) agonist] enhanced the ACh-stimulated initial phase, and GW6471 (a PPARα antagonist...

Background and objectives: Resveratrol(3,5,4′-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene) is a natural polyphenole phytoalexin which exerts potential cardioprotective effects, but the cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for these effects are still unknown. Cardiac renin angiotensin system (RAS) over-activation plays an important role in pathogenesis of left ventricula...

PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of hyperprolactinemia induced by metoclopramide on the endometrium and myometrium of female mice in the proestrus phase. METHODS 24 female mice were randomly divided in two groups: CtrG/control and ExpG/treated with metoclopramide (6.7 mg/g daily). After 50 days, the animals were sacrificed in the proestrus phase, and the blood was collected to determine the lev...