The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effects of functional treatment appliances, a U-Bugel type I activator and a conventional activator, on the mandibular condyle considering the sagittal direction. Alterations in the growth direction and quantity of the condyle effects the ramal inclination and, consequently, the whole mandible. This situation is important when considering treatme...

Oblique basal skull fractures resulting from lateral crushing injuries involving both clivus and occipital condyle are rare due to their deep locations. Furthermore, these fractures may present clinically with multiple cranial nerve injuries because neural exit routes are restricted in this intricate region. The authors present an interesting case of basal skull fractures involving the clivus a...

A total of 11 patients (12 knees) with stable lesions of osteochondritis dissecans of the knee underwent arthroscopic fixation of the fragments using polylactide bioabsorbable pins. The site of the lesion was the medial femoral condyle in ten knees and the lateral femoral condyle in two. The mean age of the patients was 14.8 years (12 to 16). At a mean follow-up of 32.4 months (13 to 38 months)...

Avulsion fractures of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) are uncommon. On the basis of the site of damage of the PCL, hyperflexion, pretibial trauma, and hyperextension are proposed as mechanisms of PCL injuries. On the other hand, avulsion fractures of the tibial condyle are also rare. We report a PCL-mediated avulsion fracture of the lateral tibial condyle along with the tibial insertion o...

[Purpose] The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of hypothyroidism on femoral cartilage thickness by using ultrasound, which has been found to be useful in the early diagnosis of knee osteoarthritis. [Subjects and Methods] Forty patients diagnosed with hypothyroidism and 30 age-, gender-, smoking status, physical activity-, and body mass index-matched healthy subjects were enrolle...

The reproducibility of lateral radiography of the knee joint in the lateral position is low because patient positioning can be easily affected by passive rotation of the knee joint. We calculated the correction angle of the femoral external rotation and the lower leg elevation and developed our own auxiliary tool for obtaining a lateral view image. We were able to obtain, in a single attempt, a...

The fabella is a small sesamoid bone generally located in the tendon of the lateral head of the gastrocnemius behind the lateral condyle of the femur. Fabella syndrome is the occurrence of posterolateral knee pain associated with the fabella. It is a rare cause of knee pain that is often misdiagnosed. Fabella syndrome can be managed with conservative or surgical treatment. We applied radial ext...

We report a case of severe posttraumatic ankylosis of the elbow with chronic osteomyelitis of the lateral condyle of the humerus. The triple problem of restoring elbow mobility, providing for coverage, and controlling infection was treated in a one-stage procedure. A distally planned fasciocutaneous lateral arm flap was used for elbow interposition arthroplasty. Clinical examination at 27 month...

1. A comparison of protrusive and lateral condylar border movement pathways of 163 subjects revealed considerable similarity when the frequency of 80% of the pathways was compared with the average pathway. 2. A description of the pathways of posterior cusps during lateral contact gliding movement must consider three simultaneously acting guidance factors: (1) the nonworking condyle pathway, (2)...

Osteosclerosis of the subchondral bone was measured by densitometer on plain radiographs in 55 medial compartmental osteoarthritic knees of 40 patients who were treated with high tibial valgus osteotomy for correction of varus deformity. The ratio of the osteosclerosis value of the medial side of the knee to that of the lateral side (Medial/Lateral ratio) was calculated and used as a parameter....