The introduction of internet auction has significantly widened the pool of consumers who participate in auctions and increased the number of companies attempting to sell their products in an auction format. Previous empirical research on auctions has focused almost exclusively on the behavior of professional bidders. In this study, we collect data on a large number of internet auctions to explo...

Driving a motor vehicle is an inherently complex task that requires robust control to avoid catastrophic accidents. Drivers must maintain their vehicle in the middle of the travel lane to avoid high speed collisions with other traffic. Interestingly, while a vehicle's lane deviation (LD) is critical, studies have demonstrated that heading error (HE) is one of the primary variables drivers use t...

Background:  In this study a series of basic dosimetric properties of a low-density (LD) gel dosimeter are investigated. The dose response is studied regarding to linearity, sensitivity, dose-rate and energy dependence as well as lung tissue equivalence. Materials and Methods: The LD gel was made by mixing the polymer gel with expanded polystyrene spheres. Energy dependence was studied...

The prior model or penalizing term in Bayesian image analysis is typically a Markov random eld parametrized by one or more smoothing parameters. For many commonly applied Markov random eld penalizing terms there do not exist both objective and practically applicable methods for choosing the smoothing parameters. In this paper we discuss approaches to analysis of residuals in a simple case of im...

MOTIVATION Circular dichroism (CD) is widely used in studies of protein folding. The CD spectrum of a protein can be estimated from its structure alone, using the well-established matrix method. In the last decade, a related spectroscopy, linear dichroism (LD), has been increasingly applied to study the orientation of proteins in solution. However, matrix method calculations of LD spectra have ...

Matched eld processing (MFP) refers to signal and array processing techniques in which, rather than a planewave arrival model, complex-valued (amplitude and phase) eld predictions for propagating signals are used. Matched eld processing has been successfully applied in ocean acoustics. In this paper the extension of MFP to the electromagnetic domain, i.e., electromagnetic (EM) MFP (EM-MFP) is d...

We determine the physical parameters (magnetic eld and Doppler factor) of the homogeneous synchrotron self-Compton model allowed by the observed X{ray to gamma-ray spectra and variability of Markarian 501 during the 15{16 April 1997 aring activity. We nd that, for 20 minute variability, a magnetic eld of 0.2 G and a Doppler factor of 20 could t these observations. We take account of photon-phot...

Quantitative characterization of a single-cell phenotype remains challenging. We combined a scalable microfluidic array of parallel cell culture chambers and stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy to quantitatively characterize the response of lipid droplet (LD) formation to free-fatty-acid stimuli with single-LD resolution at the single-cell level. By enabling the systematic live-cell im...