The rise of large-scale wireless sensor networks (LSWSNs), containing thousands nodes (SNs) that spread over large geographic areas, necessitates new Quality Service (QoS) efficient data collection techniques. Data and transmission in LSWSNs are considered the most challenging issues. This study presents a hybrid protocol called MDC-K is combination K-means machine learning clustering algorithm...

Wireless sensors networks (WSNs) are traditionally composed of large number of low-cost and tiny homogenous sensors nodes connected through a wireless network that gather data to be treated locally or relayed to the sink node through multi-hop wireless transmission. Moreover, such issues are very critical due servers resources constraints like efficient energy, stock limitation and lifetime of ...

DPR is required by law to determine a copper leach rate for antifouling paint pesticides for the protection of aquatic environments. Five scenarios representing various levels of copper loading were defined. For each scenario, a leach rate was calculated by the MAM-PEC model that limits dissolved copper concentrations in the marina to below the California saltwater chronic water quality standar...