in areas protected by the current rules are that it can be a special legal regime of the named areas, but these rules apply and a special legal regime to prevent law enforcement will be more general, but it also confirms the fact that the general rules in the areas of special rules that only apply in these areas is about legal regime make up. state eligibility rules related to the epa, hunting ...

stare decisis is one of traditional legal rules common law to be considered. according to this rule, the judge of the judicial decisions of thecommon law previous similar cases to use. this rule by some authorities such as the international criminal court to consider the implicit judgments about the observance of this rule before the verdict is so difficult. finally, cautious and visionary in c...

CATO is an intelligent learning environment, designed to help beginning law students learn basic skills of making arguments with cases. Working with CATO, students outline written arguments about legal problems, supported by cites to cases selected from CATO’s database. CATO employs an abstract model of case-based legal argument to generate argumentation examples dynamically in the context of t...

idea is the starting point for the creation of intellectual works and the development of science and technology and art. in many cases, the birth of idea requires a lot of study and suffering. so the question is whether the idea has capability of legal support? the present article with descriptive and analytic method and by using comparative studies in the legal systems of france and iran, with...

The two different categories of legal AI system are described, and legal analysis systems are chosen as objects of study. So-called judgment machines are discussed, but it is decided that research in legal AI systems would be best carried-out in the area of legal expert systems. The process of legal reasoning is briefly examined, and two different methods of legal knowledge representation are d...

The authors examine the legal questions raised by the involuntary medical and psychiatric treatment of a patient with psychotic denial of pregnancy. A case is presented, and psychotic denial of pregnancy is defined. Legal cases are reviewed that set precedent for state intervention on behalf of either the pregnant mother or the fetus when the mother refuses care. Included are specific cases tha...

The increasing development of legal ontologies seems to offer satisfactory solutions to legal knowledge formalization, which in past experiences lead to a limited exploitation of legal expert systems for practical and commercial use. The paper describes some ontology-based tools that enable legal knowledge formalization. Jurwordnet is an extension to the legal domain of the Italian version of E...

The two different categories of legal Al system are described, and legal analysis systems are chosen as objects of study. So-called judgment machines are discussed, but it is decided that research in legal Al systems would be. best carried-out in the area of legal expert systems. The process of legal reasoning is briefly examined, and two difforent methods of legal knowledge representation are ...

Although mental state defenses frequently are raised in cases of infanticide, legal criteria for these defenses vary across jurisdictions. We reviewed outcomes of such cases in states using M'Naughten or model penal code (MPC) standards for insanity, and the factors considered by the courts in reaching these decisions. LexisNexis and Westlaw searches were conducted of case law, legal precedent,...