legal agency LEGAL

Typically legal reasoning involves multiple temporal dimensions. The contribution of this work is to extend LKIF-rules (LKIF is a proposed mark-up language designed for legal documents and legal knowledge in ESTRELLA Project [3]) with temporal dimensions. We propose an XML-schema to model the various aspects of the temporal dimensions in legal domain, and we discuss the design choices. We illus...

Legal dynamics is an important aspect of legal reasoning that inspired the area of belief revision. While formal models of belief revision have been thoroughly examined, the formalisation of legal dynamic has been mostly neglected. In this contribution we propose Temporal Defeasible Logic to model legal dynamics. We build such a logic in steps starting from basic defeasible logic, and we show h...

Today’s argumentation software mostly emphasizes the logical structure of reasoning, and especially the structure as it can be represented in boxes-andarrows style diagrams. In this paper an alternative way of providing argumentation support is proposed. A content-oriented, relatively lowtech tool is presented, based on the knowledge structure of a legal topic, inspired by the structure of lega...

We propose a domain specific Question Answering system. We deviate from approaching this problem as a Textual Entailment task. We implemented a Memory Network-based Question Answering system which test a Machine’s understanding of legal text and identifies whether an answer to a question is correct or wrong, given some background knowledge. We also prepared a corpus of real USA MBE Bar exams fo...

To safeguard fairness for all parties involved and proper procedure, actions within a legal context are heavily constrained. Detailed laws determine when actions are permissible and admissible. However, these restrictions do not prevent participants from acting. In this paper we present a methodology to sup­ port legal reasoning using institutions—systems that specify the normative be­ haviour ...

Dialectical Frameworks for Legal Reasoning Latifa AL-ABDULKARIM, Katie ATKINSON, Trevor BENCH-CAPON Department of Computer Science, The University of Liverpool, UK Abstract. In recent years a powerful generalisation of Dung’s abstract argumentation frameworks, Abstract Dialectical Frameworks (ADF), has been developed. ADFs generalise the abstract argumentation frameworks introduced by Dung by r...

The TREAT paradigm and the doctrine of explanatory synthesis are both organizational methodologies and substantive theories designed to improve the substance of legal writing. The TREAT paradigm doctrine holds that the presentation of legal discourse in a carefully constructed order not only promotes clarity and satisfies audience expectations but also maximizes the communicative potential and ...

In a previous paper the authors extended a top-level reference ontology to support the representation and reasoning of legal ownership concepts in multi agent communication. In this paper we further enhance this ontology. However, for a software agent to reason about such concepts, it is also necessary to have a computational model of the ontological system. One way to model such system is to t...

It is shown how tools of argument analysis currently being developed in artificial intelligence can be applied to legal judgments about evidence based on common knowledge. Chains of reasoning containing generalizations and implicit premises that express common knowledge are modeled using argument diagrams and argumentation schemes. A controversial thesis is argued for. It is the thesis that suc...