BACKGROUND Statins, such as simvastatin, are the drugs of choice for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia. On the other hand hypercholesterolmia can occur in hypothyroid patients, who receive levothyroxine. There are few clinical case reports in regards to drug interaction between levothyroxine and lovastatin or simvastatin, indicating decreased levothyroxine effects. This study aimed at deter...

BACKGROUND Untreated maternal hypothyroidism can have adverse effects on both the mother and fetus, but it can potentially be prevented by adequate levothyroxine replacement. This study was conducted to determine what percentage of hypothyroid pregnant women who were taking levothyroxine needed to adjust their medication dosage, and when and how much it should be increased. METHODS In this lo...

Abstract Introduction Rifampin has a wide range of drug interactions through increased hepatic microsomal enzyme activity. We are reporting case patient with post-surgical hypothyroidism on stable thyroid hormone replacement therapy who required significantly higher doses levothyroxine after starting rifampin. Case Report Patient is 78-year-old woman history Papillary Thyroid Cancer (PTC) in re...

BACKGROUND Several epidemiological studies on the prevalence of hypothyroidism in the elderly have been reported; however, extensive series of elderly patients with thyroid dysfunction have not been studied. Our aim has been to assess the relative frequency of the diverse causes of hypothyroidism in a group of patients older than 55 years and the adequacy of control of thyroid function attained...

BACKGROUND Currently debate still exists about the effects of thyroid hormone therapy on skeletal integrity, that is the safety of levothyroxine use with respect to bone mineral density. OBJECTIVE A systematic review of the effects of TSH-suppressive and replacement levothyroxine therapy on bone mineral density evaluated main causes of conflicting results and its implications for clinical pra...

BACKGROUND Hypothyroidism and/or autoimmune thyroid disorders (AITD) may contribute to spontaneous abortions (SpA). Cost-effectiveness analyses of thyroid screening in women after SpA are lacking. Our aim was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of screening for AITD and/or hypothyroidism and their treatment in women after SpA with regard to their reproductive health. METHODS We performed a cro...

BACKGROUND We studied quality of life (QOL), anxiety, and depression in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) either during treatment with levothyroxine or during withdrawal from levothyroxine when whole-body scanning (WBS) needed to be performed. METHODS DTC patients projected to undergo WBS were included in the study. They were studied at two time-points - the day before levothy...

BACKGROUND Levothyroxine sodium is widely prescribed and has been implicated as a cause of reduction in bone mineral density and, therefore, suggested to be a major contributor to the risk of osteoporotic fractures. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether levothyroxine use increases the risk of developing osteoporotic fractures. METHODS We conducted a population-based, case-control analysis of the...

Thyroid associated ophthalmopathy is a constellation of symptoms caused by an autoimmune process involving the orbital tissue. It is common in hyperthyroid patients due to Graves' disease and also reported in euthyroid and hypothyroid Graves' patients with positive thyroid receptor antibodies. But in Hashimoto's thyroiditis, thyroid associated ophthalmopathy is a rarely reported and poorly unde...

BACKGROUND There is an increase in inflammatory and a reduction in anti-inflammatory cytokines in multiple sclerosis (MS). Considering the role of thyroid hormones in the development and regulation of both neural and immune systems, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of levothyroxine on serum concentrations of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) in animal models o...