A ESSENTIAL oil, nepetalactone. was isolated from the catnip plant (Nepeta cataria) by McElvain et al.-' 3i 4 and Meinwald. McElvain demonstrated with lions that the oil is the substance which is responsible for the attraction of cats to the plant and the only constituent capable of inducing a response. This familiar response has been broken down into four components, viz, 1) sniffing, 2) licki...

Mammalian mothers provide water to their young via milk. Rodent mothers reclaim much of this water by licking the anogenital areas of their pups, stimulating reflexive urination, and consuming the pups' urine. Male rodents do not provide milk (hence water) to the young, but in some species male parents may nevertheless lick their pups. We determined the amount of water transfer from pups to mot...

All animals need water to live, but not all of them drink it from their surroundings. Drinking free rivers or puddles is just one many ways that get the they need. Until recently, koalas were thought most leaves eat. But, after years koala watchers getting caught in rain, scientists and volunteers began sharing similar, strange stories. These sleepy waking up during storms giving tree bark a li...

Legends for Fig. 2 IV. so Persei. This star is not known to be a variable. The observations are of moderate accuracy, being normal places from one-prism observations by Jordan at Allegheny. It is a star of very complex and erratic behavior. Cannon5 (observations not shown) postulated a secondary of one-half the main period, but it is impossible to satisfy Jordan's data in this manner. V. 62 Cyg...

Localization of the central rhythm generator (CRG) of spontaneous consummatory licking was studied in freely moving rats by microinjection of tetrodotoxin (TTX) into the pontine reticular formation. Maximum suppression of spontaneous water consumption was elicited by TTX (1 ng) blockade of the oral part of the nucleus reticularis gigantocellularis (NRG), whereas TTX injections into more caudal ...

Rearing mice from birth in an enriched environment leads to a conspicuous acceleration of visual system development appreciable at behavioral, electrophysiological and molecular level. Little is known about the possible mechanisms of action through which enriched environment affects visual system development. It has been suggested that differences in maternal behavior between enriched and non-e...

5-Hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) are implicated in modulating descending inhibitory pain pathways in the central nervous system. Duloxetine is a selective and potent dual 5-HT and NE reuptake inhibitor (SNRI). The ability of duloxetine to antagonize 5-HT depletion in para-chloramphetamine-treated rats was comparable with that of paroxetine, a selective serotonin re...