By use of a common primary-production model and identical photosynthetic parameters, four different methods were used to calculate quanta (Q) and primary production (P) at depth for a study of high-latitude North Atlantic waters. The differences among the four methods relate to the use of pigment information in the upper water column. Methods 1 and 2 use pigment biomass (B) as an input and a su...

An electrochemiluminescent (ECL) swimmer driven by bipolar electrochemistry is reported for enzymatic glucose sensing. The chemo-mechanical motion is induced by localized hydrogen bubble generation. The concomitant oxidation of the luminophore and of the enzymatically-produced NADH leads to ECL emission with a direct glucose-dependent light intensity. We demonstrate herein the local sensing and...

This work, performed on the scleractinian coral Stylophora pistillata, aims at providing new information on the 'light-enhanced calcification' process. In a first step, in controlled conditions of culture and constant light supply, we studied the diurnal cycle of calcification. We determined that calcification rates are constant during the day and the night with a 2.6-fold difference between da...

We describe here a proposal for a light injection calibration system for the MINOS detectors based on ultra bright blue LEDs as the light source. We have shown that these LEDs are bright enough to span over two orders of magnitude in light intensity, commensurate with that expected in a single scintillator strip in the MINOS neutrino detectors.

We analyze the nonlinear dynamics of a high-finesse optical cavity in which one mirror is mounted on a flexible mechanical element. We find that this system is governed by an array of dynamical attractors, which arise from phase locking between the mechanical oscillations of the mirror and the ringing of the light intensity in the cavity. We develop an analytical theory to map out the diagram o...

In sighted humans, light intensity, timing, exposure duration, and spectral composition of light are important to entrain the endogenous circadian pacemaker to the 24-h day-night cycle. We tested the impact of two realistic office lighting conditions during the afternoon on subjective sleepiness, hormonal secretion, and cognitive performance in the early evening hours. Twenty-nine young subject...

The hyperpolarizing responses to light were recorded intracellularly from red cones of the turtle, Pseudemys scripta elegans. Pairs of slit stimuli were flashed alone or together at various intensities, one slit positioned on the receptive field center and the other displaced 30 microns. The peak amplitude of the response was measured, and the results analyzed to quantify the relationship betwe...

We show experimentally that the effects of pulse delay and advancement usually ascribed to the "slow and fast light" under conditions of the coherent population oscillations (CPO) can be universally observed with incoherent light fields on objects with the pure-intensity nonlinearity. As a light source, we used an incandescent lamp and as objects for study, a photochromic glass and a thermochro...

The transient and steady-state responses of movement detectors are studied at various pattern contrasts (i) by intracellularly recording from an identified movement-sensitive interneuron in the fly's brain and (ii) by comparing these results with computer simulations of an array of movement detectors of the correlation type. At the onset of stimulus motion, the membrane potential oscillates wit...

We experimentally and theoretically visualize the propagation of short-range surface plasmon polaritons using atomically flat single-crystalline gold platelets on silicon substrates. We study their excitation and subfemtosecond dynamics via normal-incidence two-photon photoemission electron microscopy. By milling a plasmonic disk and grating structure into a single-crystalline gold platelet, we...