Since 1998, the Therapeutic Products Directorate (TPD) has had a policy termed the Notice of Compliance with conditions (NOC/c) in order to allow earlier marketing of promising drugs for serious conditions before the drugs have definitively demonstrated clinical efficacy. Drugs approved under the NOC/c must undergo post-marketing trials to show clinical benefits. The reasons that some drugs rec...

In my previous paper I argued that if in vitro fertilization (IVF) is legal and practiced there is no moral ground to object to legalization of preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD). My opponent raises an objection that my paper “fails to address the ethical argumentation of one key opponent of IVF – the Catholic Church”. In this reply I show that her/his thesis that embryos created during IV...

Most techniques for managing relational schemas assume a given schema that adequately models the data [1]. However, we know that in practice, the semantics of the data may evolve over time and its schema (its table structures and constraints) is not always updated to reflect these changes [5]. Common examples include the overloading of tables to store facts of different types (for example, an o...

In the spring of 2004, a semester-long course for undergraduates was organized as part of CMU’s student-taught StuCo (student college) curriculum. The course covered material ranging from a historical background on Inferno’s development, the Limbo programming language and related systems such as Communicating Sequential Processes (CSP), to the implementations of the Inferno emulator and native ...

Liminality, as originally conceived by anthropologists, is a temporary ‘in-between’ state that acts bridge, connecting old roles to new roles, and resulting in desired state. The article applies this concept precarious migrant work. We argue, specifically, migrants low-wage insecure work occupy four main liminal realms following their cross-border mobility: the temporal, financial, social legal...

Companies selling cannabis based products have been told to remove them from the market within 28 days, after a review by the Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) determined that they were medicinal products. Campaigners for cannabis law reformwelcomed the recognition that cannabidiol (CBD) had medicinal properties but warned that the MHRA’s action would deprive thousands ...

Nepal's efforts to decentralize its governance date back to over half a century. These efforts remained incomplete due to different reasons including administrative responses and political development affecting its implementation. The Local Self Governance Act (LSGA), 1999 envisaged, for the first time, to decentralize governance in the health sector through devolution of responsibilities, auth...

StoriesinThis Series Human guineapigs? Cosmeticgene therapy Organ transplants Fertilityethics: PartI Fertilityethics: PartII Engineering theunborn Creating flawedanimals FromThePost PartTwo: Fertility innovationor exploitation? Courttodecide fateofdivorced couple'sembryos Treatmenthelps menwith Klinefelter's syndromebecome fathers. A63-year-old womangavebirth withthehelpof fertilitytreatments. ...