Forecasts of the financial status of Social Security's Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (OASDI) programs and forecasts of the effects of various OASDI policy options on Americans would be improved if information about the earnings and labor force behavior of various population subgroups were included in projection models. Focusing on the projection of immigrant earnings, this articl...

Multi-threaded programming creates the fundamental problem that the execution of a program is no longer deterministic, because the thread schedule is not controlled by the application. This causes traditional testing methods to be rather ineffective. Trilogy, producing many multi-threaded server programs, also has to deal with the limitations of regression testing. New approaches to this proble...

Though one can easily build a diffusion in natural scale with a given speed measure m from standard Brownian motion and its local time, the problem is to show that this gives every diffusion in natural scale; Freedman shows that the speed measure determines the generator which determines the diffusion, thus disposing of this point. However, it is quite a lengthy business. From this analysis of ...

Contrary to the implied suggestion in many restorative justice critiques of the status quo, the chief strength of restorative justice interventions does not lie in their rejection of punitiveness and retribution, but the empowerment of communities of care who are the most likely to respond effectively to both the causes and the consequences of criminal wrongdoing. Thus, it is the empowerment of...

In the NRQCD factorization for productions and decays of a quakonium the difference between the quarkonium mass and the twice of the heavy quark mass is neglected. We attempt to interpret the difference in term of NRQCD matrix elements, and consider the effect introduced by the difference in quarkonium decays. The effect is significant in these decays. Similar effect in decays of heavy-flavor h...

Hypophysitis is an uncommon inflammatory condition that may affect the pituitary gland and stalk. Patients often present with varying degrees of hypopituitarism. The diagnosis is often made presumptively based on clinical history and biochemical data but may also be supported by magnetic resonance imaging. Therapy is generally supportive in nature but may require surgery for pathological diagno...

✐ ă " […] Karma is not about immediate retribution but rather about the impossibility of ultimately escaping the consequences of our own actions […] " ― Hindu and Buddhist saying

Recently in New Zealand there have been outbreaks of measles and pertussis every six and ve years respectively. A model has been used to compare the dynamics of these diseases, and to determine the optimum ages at which children should be vaccinated against them. Whereas measles could be eliminated by giving the second vaccination at ve years instead of eleven, it is diÆcult to devise a practic...