With a technique of preselecting the mitotic cell in the living state for subsequent electron microscopy, it has been possible to examine the ultrastructure of the various stages of mitosis with greater precision than has been reported previously. The early dissolution of the nuclear envelope has been found to be preceded by a marked undulation of this structure within the nuclear "hof." This u...

A method has been described for isolating separately the envelope and thylakoids of chloroplasts. The method makes use of the fact that gentle swelling of intact chloroplasts causes breakage and total detachment of the envelope. The envelope was purified by a sucrose density gradient procedure. The thylakoids and the envelope appeared to be very different in structure. All the activities associ...

The nuclear envelope is the hallmark of all eukaryotic cells, separating the nucleoplasm from the cytoplasm. At the same time, the nuclear envelope allows for the controlled exchange of macromolecules between the two compartments through nuclear pores and presents a surface for anchoring and organizing cytoskeletal components and chromatin. Although our molecular understanding of the nuclear en...

In eukaryotes, chromosomes are encased by a dynamic nuclear envelope. In contrast to metazoans, where the nuclear envelope disassembles during mitosis, many fungi including budding yeast undergo "closed mitosis," where the nuclear envelope remains intact throughout the cell cycle. Consequently, during closed mitosis the nuclear envelope must expand to accommodate chromosome segregation to the t...

Behaviour of the NE (nuclear envelope) during open mitosis has been explored extensively in metazoans, but lack of native markers has limited similar investigations in plants. In the present study, carried out using living synchronized tobacco BY-2 suspension cultures, the non-functional NE marker LBR (lamin B receptor)-GFP (green fluorescent protein) and two native, functional NE proteins, AtS...

introduction: considering schizophrenic patients’ problems with living skills, it seems necessary to evaluate these skills in this group of patients. in the present study, the kohlman evaluation of living skills (kels), developed by linda thomson kohlman at seattle, washington (1978), was first translated into persian and then its reliability and validity was determined. materials & methods: to...

Context. While Jupiter’s massive gas envelope consists mainly of hydrogen and helium, the key to understanding formation evolution lies in distribution remaining (heavy) elements. Before Juno mission, lack high-precision gravity harmonics precluded use statistical analyses a robust determination heavy-element envelope. Aims. In this paper, we assemble most comprehensive diverse collection Jupit...