Neurosurgeons use invasive mapping methods during surgery to understand the functional neuroanatomy of patients. Electrical stimulation methods are used routinely for the temporary disruption of focal regions of cerebral cortex so that the surgeon may infer the functional role of the brain site being stimulated. Although it is an efficient and useful method, modes of electrical stimulation mapp...

We study the liquid anomalies arising from the Stell-Hemmer interaction, using molecular dynamics simulations and approximate 2D solutions. We observe in the liquid phase three types of anomalies: (i) An increase in specific volume upon cooling, (ii) an increase in isothermal compressibility upon cooling, and (iii) an increase in the diffusion coefficient with pressure. We relate the anomalies ...

Various diffusion raodels can be applied to Rb-Sr systems in cooling rocks. It is argued that a closed-system diffusioncontrolled model, inw3lving local equilibrium along grain boundaries, is most appropriate for describing the exchange of Sr isotopes between minerals in a rock sample during cooling. A finite-difference numerical method is used to solve the diffusion and mass-balance equations....

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Therapeutic hypothermia represents a promising neuroprotective treatment in acute ischemic stroke. Selective cerebral hypothermia applied early, prior to and during endovascular mechanical recanalization therapy, may be beneficial in the critical phase of reperfusion. We aimed to assess the feasibility of a new intracarotid cooling catheter in an animal model. MATERIALS...

Cooling is one of several reversible methods used to inactivate local regions of the brain. Here the effect of cooling was studied in the primary visual cortex (area 17) of anaesthetized and paralyzed cats. When the cortical surface temperature was cooled to about 0 degrees C, the temperature 2 mm below the surface was 20 degrees C. The lateral spread of cold was uniform over a distance of at l...

One of the most crucial factors for energy transition and incorporation renewable sources into existing map is citizen engagement. Local communities (LECs), which are cooperative-based coalitions aimed at reducing carbon footprint residential building sector, have received increasing attention in past decade. This because buildings account almost half total consumed worldwide. A resounding 75% ...

Thin, Keplerian accretion disks generically become gravitationally unstable at large radius. I investigate the nonlinear outcome of such instability in cool disks using razorthin, local, numerical models. Cooling, characterized by a constant cooling time τc, drives the instability. I show analytically that, if the disk can reach a steady state in which heating by dissipation of turbulence balan...

IT HAS been demonstrated1-6 that indirect local cooling of the heart in man produces characteristic electrocardiographic changes analogous to those obtained by direct cooling of the myocardium in experimental animals.7-'0 In particular, precordial cooling in man causes depression and inversion of the T wave over the site of the cooled myocardium. In this study the precordium was cooled in 2 eth...