The paper deals with a viscous damage model including two damage variables, a local and a non-local one, which are coupled through a penalty term in the free energy functional. Under certain regularity conditions for linear elasticity equations, existence and uniqueness of the solution is proven, provided that the penalization parameter is chosen sufficiently large. Moreover, the regularity of ...

Citation: Tamaddon M, Chen SM, Vanaclocha L, Hart A, El-Husseiny M, Henckel J and Liu C (2017) Decrease in Local Volumetric Bone Mineral Density in Osteoarthritic Joints Is Associated with the Increase in Cartilage Damage: A Peripheral Quantitative CT Study. Front. Mater. 4:37. doi: 10.3389/fmats.2017.00037 Decrease in local Volumetric Bone Mineral Density in Osteoarthritic Joints is associated...

in this paper, a crack localization method for euler-bernoulli beams via an efficient static data based indicator is proposed. the crack in beams is simulated here using a triangular variation in the stiffness. static responses of a beam are obtained by the finite element modeling. in order to reduce the computational cost of damage detection method, the beam deflection is fitted through a poly...

results of damage prediction in buildings can be used as a useful tool for managing and decreasing seismic risk of earthquakes. in this study, damage spectrum and c4.5 decision tree algorithm were utilized for damage prediction in steel buildings during earthquakes. in order to prepare the damage spectrum, steel buildings were modeled as a single-degree-of-freedom (sdof) system and time-history...

Damage and discoloration of the fingernails probably caused by contamination with concentrated solutions of paraquat and diquat are described in three patients. The cause of this damage is unknown, but is probably a local action.

High-energy heavy ions cause severe local damage, injury, or inactivation to living organisms through highdensity local energy delivery. The JAERI AVF cyclotron and electrostatic accelerators in TIARA have been applied to biological studies covering cell surgery technique for plant breeding, high-LET specific mutation induced by ion beam, and the repair of DNA damage on radiation resistant bact...

Non-local damage model for strain softening in a machining simulation is presented in this paper. The coupled damage-plasticity model consists of a physically based dislocation density model and a damage model driven by plastic straining in combination with the stress state. The predicted chip serration is highly consistent with the measurement results.

The mathematical theory of quasistatic elastic viscoplastic models with damage is studied. The existence of the unique local weak solution is established by using approximate problems and a priori estimates. Pointwise estimates on the damage are obtained using a new comparison technique which removes the necessity of including a subgradient term in the equation for damage.

Analysis of CT scans for studying Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is generally limited to mean scores of disease extent. However, the evolution of local pulmonary damage may vary between patients with discordant effects on lung physiology. This limits the explanatory power of mean values in clinical studies. We present local disease and deformation distributions to address this lim...

This paper proposes a novel technique to reduce the computational burden associated with the simulation of localised failure. The proposed methodology affords the simulation of damage initiation and propagation whilst concentrating the computational effort where it is most needed, i.e. in the localisation zones. To do so, a local/global technique is devised where the global (slave) problem (far...