Background: Trabecular bone score (TBS) measures the underlying quality of bone texture using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) images. The present study aimed to investigate the correlation between lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) and TBS, and subsequently determine whether the association varies with the body mass index (BMI). Methods: Data from 548 patients were collected a...

  Background: Postmenopausal onset rheumatoid arthritis (post-RA) is expected to have greater bone mineral density (BMD) loss than premenopauasal onset (pre-RA) due to estrogen deficiency and aging. This study aimed to compare the BMD status of the two RA groups with age-matched non-RA controls.   Methods: The patients with RA on follow-up examination were stratified according to age of onset. ...

  Abstract   Background: Postmenopausal onset rheumatoid arthritis (post-RA) is expected to have greater bone mineral density (BMD) loss than premenopauasal onset (pre-RA) due to estrogen deficiency and aging. This study aimed to compare the BMD status of the two RA groups with age-matched non-RA controls.   Methods: The patients with RA on follow-up examination were stratified according to age...

Due to the fish are often at the top of the aquatic food chain and may accumulate large amounts of heavy metals from the water, this study was conducted to determine of Cd, Cr, Pb and Ni contents in the muscle of imported tilapia fish marketed in the city of Hamedan in 2017. In so doing, totally, 27 muscle samples from nine different brands of tilapia fish were randomly collected from the marke...

Due to the fish are often at the top of the aquatic food chain and may accumulate large amounts of heavy metals from the water, this study was conducted to determine of Cd, Cr, Pb and Ni contents in the muscle of imported tilapia fish marketed in the city of Hamedan in 2017. In so doing, totally, 27 muscle samples from nine different brands of tilapia fish were randomly collected from the marke...

Four heavy metals were measured in forty-nine topsoil samples collected fromagricultural areas in Siakh-Darengoun, Iran. The goals were to investigate soil spatialdistribution patterns of metals; their potential ecological risk; and sources. The Hakansonpotential ecological risk index and index of geo-accumulation (Igeo) were used forevaluating t...

background: cigarette butts have been shown to release numerous kinds of chemicals such as heavy metals in water and may be a continual source of aquatic environments contamination after discarding. the objective of the present study was to determine the concentration of cd and pb in cigarette filters of different iranian and non-iranian brands in smoked and non-smoked samples. methods: ten dif...

currently much debate, attention and concern surrounds the use of genetically modified plants or animals. but there has not been much concern about microorganisms, although we all are aware of the place of microorganisms in the circle of life, their abundance and diversity. there are many examples regarding the application of genetically engineered microorganisms (gems), however, like other hig...

During vertebrate brain development, axons are enwrapped by myelin, an insulating membrane produced by oligodendrocytes. Neuron-derived signaling molecules are temporally and spatially required to coordinate oligodendrocyte differentiation. In this study, we show that neurons regulate myelin membrane trafficking in oligodendrocytes. In the absence of neurons, the major myelin membrane protein, ...