BACKGROUND Autopsy studies are the gold standard for determining cause-of-death and can inform on improved diagnostic strategies and algorithms to improve patient care. We conducted a cross-sectional observational autopsy study to describe the burden of respiratory tract infections in inpatient children who died at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia. METHODS Gross pathology wa...

Pertussis disease, characterized by severe and prolonged coughing episodes, can progress to a critical stage with pulmonary inflammation and death in young infants. However, there are currently no effective treatments for pertussis. We previously studied the role of pertussis toxin (PT), an important Bordetella pertussis virulence factor, in lung transcriptional responses to B. pertussis infect...

Introduction: Lung resection surgery is a challenge to thoracic surgeons. Outcome of surgery depends on patients’ tolerance to reduced lung volume and hemodynamic alterations. The present study aimed to investigate the changes in blood gases and hemodynamic parameters in patients undergoing lung resection surgery and the associated clinical implications. Materials and methods: This study includ...

A systematic review of the literature on pathophysiology fibrosis in interstitial lung diseases was carried out. The results clinical studies effectiveness antifibrotic drugs are summarized. Particular attention is paid to development associated with Covid-19 infection. study most promising that prevent this pathology described. prospect developing drug therapy based plant polyphenols emphasized.

AIMS To analyse the present status and future development of computerized diagnostic pathology in terms of work-flow integrative telepathology and virtual laboratory. PRESENT STATUS Telepathology has left its childhood. The technical development of telepathology is mature, in contrast to that of virtual pathology. Two kinds of virtual pathology laboratories are emerging: a) those with distrib...

Background: In many cases of ILD (interstitial lung disease), overlap diagnosis is considered. Here, a few cases with diagnosis of a variety of ILDs, where eventual open lung biopsy has been performed are selected. Reference will be made to reliable sources to show that NSIP can still be a variant of UIP (Usual interstitial pneumonia) with better treatment response and prognosis. Case Presenta...

As discussed in the “Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer” chapter, there are two major subdivisions of lung cancer: small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) and non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). SCLC is decreasing in frequency in the United States, with recent data showing it represents only 14% of lung cancers. This chapter provides information on the staging and prognosis, pathology and pathophysiology, treatm...

INTRODUCTION Knowledge of the mechanical behavior of immature tracheae is crucial in order to understand the effects exerted on central airways by ventilatory treatments, particularly of tidal liquid ventilation (TLV) [1]. Although the adult respiratory system has been deeply studied with both experimental and computational approaches, the infant and fetal lungs have never been examined so accu...

BACKGROUND Direct allorecognition, i.e., donor lung-derived dendritic cells (DCs) stimulating recipient-derived T lymphocytes, is believed to be the key mechanism of lung allograft rejection. Myeloid (cDCs) and plasmacytoid (pDCs) are believed to have differential effects on T cell activation. However, the roles of each DC type on T cell activation and rejection pathology post lung transplantat...