Pulmonary lung surfactant is a mixture of surfactants that reduces surface tension during respiration. Perfluorinated surfactants have potential applications for artificial lung surfactant formulations, but the interactions that exist between these compounds and phospholipids in surfactant monolayer mixtures are poorly understood. We report here, for the first time, a detailed thermodynamic and...

Idiopathic pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare lung disease characterized by accumulation of surfactant. Surfactant synthesis and secretion are restricted to epithelial type 2 (T2) pneumocytes (also called T2 cells). Clearance of surfactant is dependent upon T2 cells and macrophages. ABCG1 is highly expressed in both T2 cells and macrophages. ABCG1-deficient mice accumulate surfactan...

Reed, Jacquelyn A., Machiko Ikegami, Eli R. Cianciolo, Wei Lu, Patricia S. Cho, William Hull, Alan H. Jobe, and JeffreyA. Whitsett. Aerosolized GM-CSF ameliorates pulmonary alveolar proteinosis in GM-CSF-deficient mice. Am. J. Physiol. 276 (Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. 20): L556–L563, 1999.—Surfactant proteins and phospholipids accumulate in the alveolar spaces and lung tissues of mice deficient in...

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a life-threatening ailment characterized by severe lung injury involving inflammatory cell recruitment to the lung, cytokine production, surfactant dysfunction, and up-regulation of nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2) resulting in nitric oxide (NO) production. We hypothesized that NO production from NOS2 expressed in lung parenchymal cells in a murine mo...

Although genetic factors are assumed to have a role in the etiology of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), specific genes underlying this susceptibility are incompletely known. The most promising candidates are the genes coding for the lung-specific protein components of the surfactant. In congenital absence of surfactant protein A in mice, lung mechanics or surfactant homeostasis is normal. H...

Lung surfactant lowers surface tension and adjusts interfacial rheology to facilitate breathing. A novel instrument, the interfacial stress rheometer (ISR), uses an oscillating magnetic needle to measure the shear viscosity and elasticity of a surfactant monolayer at the air-water interface. The ISR reveals that calf lung surfactant, Infasurf, exhibits remarkable fluidity, even when exposed to ...

abstract background: sp-a and sp-d are hydrophilic proteins which regulate the inflammatory response of the lung. pasteurella multocida is one of the most common bacteria isolated from calves suffering from shipping fever pneumonia, one of the most problems in dairy herds. objective: evaluation of surfactant content may provide a valuable diagnostic tool for detection of calf pneumonia due to p...

Boughton, K., Gandy, G., and Gairdner, D. (1970). Archives of Disease in Childhood, 45, 311. Hyaline membrane disease. H: Lung lecithin. The lecithin content of lung, together with its surface tension properties, were determined in 34 stillbirths, and 61 neonatal deaths. Lecithin content ranged widely from 1-5 to 18 6% of dry lung tissue. In 24 cases the 'palmitic-lecithin' was also measured; i...

Pulmonary surfactant has two distinct functions within the lung: reduction of surface tension at the air-liquid interface and participation in innate host defense. Both functions are dependent on surfactant-associated proteins. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is primarily responsible for respiratory dysfunction and death in cystic fibrosis patients and is also a leading pathogen in nosocomial pneumonia....

This study examines the relationships between inflammation, surfactant protein (SP) expression, surfactant function, and lung physiology in a murine model of acute lung injury (ALI). 129/J mice received aerosolized endotoxin lipopolysaccharide [LPS] daily for up to 96 h to simulate the cytokine release and acute inflammation of ALI. Lung elastance (E(L)) and resistance, lavage fluid cell counts...