BACKGROUND Sustained inflations (SI) are used with the initiation of ventilation at birth to rapidly recruit functional residual capacity and may decrease lung injury and the need for mechanical ventilation in preterm infants. However, a 20 second SI in surfactant-deficient preterm lambs caused an acute phase injury response without decreasing lung injury from subsequent mechanical ventilation....

BACKGROUND Recent studies in healthy mice and rats have reported that positive pressure ventilation delivered with physiological tidal volumes at normal end-expiratory volume worsens lung mechanics and induces cytokine release, thus suggesting that detrimental effects are due to positive pressure ventilation per se. The aim of this study in healthy animals is to assess whether these adverse out...

Pneumonia caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa carries a high rate of morbidity and mortality. A lung-protective strategy using low tidal volume (V(T)) ventilation for acute lung injury improves patient outcomes. The goal of this study was to determine whether low V(T) ventilation has similar utility in severe P. aeruginosa infection. A cytotoxic P. aeruginosa strain, PA103, was instilled into the ...

OBJECTIVE To highlight the importance of the lung ventilation scintigraphy (LVS) to study the regional distribution of lung ventilation and to describe most frequent abnormal patterns of lung ventilation distribution obtained by this technique in COPD and to compare the information obtained by LVS with the that obtained by traditional lung function tests. MATERIAL AND METHODS The research was...

22 The inflammatory response is a primary mechanism in the pathogenesis of ventilator-induced 23 lung injury. Autophagy is an essential, homeostatic process by which cells break down their own 24 components. We explored the role of autophagy in the mechanisms of mechanical ventilation25 induced lung inflammatory injury. Mice were subjected to low (7 ml/kg) or high (28 ml/kg) tidal 26 volume ven...

In recent years, laser resection of lung metastases has been established as the standard procedure worldwide. To avoid airway fire, it is necessary to collapse the surgical lung. The selective lobar bronchial blockade is a technique that allows one-lung ventilation while the operated lobe is collapsed in patients with previous pulmonary resection requiring subsequent resection or with limited p...

The Berlin definition criteria applied at positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) 5 cm H2O reasonably predict lung edema and recruitabilty. To maintain viable gas exchange, the mechanical ventilation becomes progressively more risky going from mild to severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Tidal volume, driving pressure, flow, and respiratory rate have been identified as causes of v...

Airway pressure release ventilation (APRV) is a relatively new mode of ventilation, that only became commercially available in the United States in the mid-1990s. Airway pressure release ventilation produces tidal ventilation using a method that differs from any other mode. It uses a release of airway pressure from an elevated baseline to simulate expiration. The elevated baseline facilitates o...