Under conditions of lymphopenia, transferred naive T cells can undergo marked proliferation (1, 2) as a result of both T cell–receptor engagement and cytokine stimulation. Naive T cells that undergo this homeostatic proliferation also acquire characteristics of memory and effector cells as measured by phenotype, by hypersensitivity to antigen stimulation, and by increased production of IFN-γ. T...

BACKGROUND Immunosuppressed states may predispose patients to development of acute brain injury during times of critical illness. Lymphopenia is a non-specific yet commonly used bedside marker of immunosuppressed states. METHODS We examined whether lymphopenia would predict development of acute brain dysfunction (delirium and/or coma) in 518 patients enrolled in the Bringing to Light the Risk...

To describe long-term CD4+ T-cell reconstitution after rabbit antithymocyte globulin (rATG) treatment and identify predictive factors following kidney transplantation. A single-center retrospective study analyzed lymphocyte subsets in rATG-treated kidney transplant recipients (1986-2009). 589 patients were analyzed (maximum follow-up 21 years). A comparator group (n=298) received an anti-IL-2 r...

Malignant glioma, or glioblastoma, is the most common and lethal form of brain tumor with a median survival time of 15 months. The established therapeutic regimen includes a tripartite therapy of surgical resection followed by radiation and temozolomide (TMZ) chemotherapy, concurrently with radiation and then as an adjuvant. TMZ, a DNA alkylating agent, is the most successful antiglioma drug an...

The size of the peripheral T cell pool is remarkably stable throughout life, reflecting precise regulation of cellular survival, proliferation, and apoptosis. Homeostatic proliferation refers to the process by which T cells spontaneously proliferate in a lymphopenic host. The critical signals driving this expansion are "space," contact with self-major histocompatibility complex (MHC)/peptide co...

Objectives: The hematological changes usually associated with malaria are well known. This study was conducted to estimate and compare the predominance & severity of hematological changes in common types of malaria. Methodology: This observational study included 400 suspected malarial patients attended in Out Patient Department (OPD) and In Patient Department (IPD) of NKP Salve Institute of Med...

Antibodies to lymphocytes in serum samples from 88 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and 15 normal control subjects were examined by a cell enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with four human T and B cell lines as antigens. The antibodies reacted with the Wa B cell line and the T cell lines P12 (CD4-, CD8+), Jurkat (CD4-, CD8-), and Hut78 (CD4+, CD8-). Antibody titres in se...

Functional inactivation of self-reactive T lymphocytes contributes to the maintenance of immunologic self-tolerance. At the same time, tolerance induction limits immune responses against tumors expressing tolerizing self-antigens. Some cancer therapies include the adoptive transfer of tumor-reactive T lymphocytes into lymphopenic patients. Lymphopenia provides an activation signal to T lymphocy...

The demonstration by Upham et al that human alveolar macrophages selectively inhibit proliferation of T cells by secretion of unidentified eVector molecules raises the question as to whether pathological processes in the lung characterised by extensive macrophage recruitment or activation can have a systemic eVect on T cell development. It has been shown in several studies that patients with pu...

Objectives: The hematological changes associated with acute malaria are well recognized. This study was conducted to assess and compare the incidence and severity of hematological changes in various types of malaria in adult population. Methodology: This observational study included 133 acute malaria patients admitted in the Infectious Diseases Unit of Rashid Hospital Dubai (JCI accredited) UAE...