An important element of artificial skin is a tissue scaffold that allows for fast host regeneration. We present a microfabrication strategy, based on gelling collagen-based components inside a microfluidic device, that produces well-controlled pore sizes inside the scaffold. This strategy can produce finely patterned tissue scaffolds of clinically relevant dimensions suitable for surgical handl...

Freeze-drying (lyophilization) has been proposed as an alternative method for sperm preservation to overcome the disadvantages of the current cryopreservation method such as the high maintenance cost of frozen stocks, the problems associated with transportation of frozen materials and the potential risk of total loss of the frozen stock. Since freeze-dried spermatozoa after rehydration lose the...

Poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) conjugation masks the protein's surface and increases the molecular size of the polypeptide, thus preventing the approach of antibodies or antigen processing cells and reducing the degradation by proteolytic enzymes. Proteins are readily denatured by numerous stresses arising in solution (e.g., heating, agitation, freezing and pH changes) or by chemical reactions (e...

The antidiabetic activities of bitter melon powders produced with lyophilization/superfine grinding and hot air drying/normal grinding were investigated in vivo for selecting a suitable bitter melon processing procedure. After a five-week treatment, bitter melon lyophilized superfine grinding powder (BLSP) had a higher antidiabetic activity with reducing fasting blood glucose levels from 21.40...

Bacillus subtilis 5230 spores were lyophilized in 0.067 M phosphate buffer and stored at 2 to 8 degrees C for 9 to 27 months. The lyophilized spores were reconstituted with buffer or 0.9% saline, and the heat resistance was determined in a thermoresistometer. Lyophilization had no effect on the heat resistance of the spores but did result in a slight decrease in population (</=0.3-logarithm red...

The aim of this study was to prepare dry powder inhalers (DPIs) containing amphotericin B-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (AMB-SLNs) as an alternative approach for prevention of pulmonary aspergillosis. For solubilizing AMB in small amounts of organic solvents ion paired complexes were firstly formed by establishing electrostatic interaction between AMB and distearoyl phosphatidylglycerol (DSP...

tilmicosin (tlm) is an important antibiotic in veterinary medicine with low bioavailability and safety. this study aimed to formulate and evaluate physicochemical properties, storage stability after lyophilization and antibacterial activity of three tlm-loaded lipid nanoparticles (tlm-lnps) including solid lipid nanoparticles (slns), nanostructured lipid carriers (nlcs) and lipid-core nanocapsu...