Abstract Brucella spp. are facultative intracellular bacterial pathogens that have the ability to survive and multiply in professional nonprofessional phagocytes. Successful invasion chronic persistence indicate manipulates various host cellular processes create a replication permissive niche. The essential mechanisms factors support of remain poorly understood. RNA interference (RNAi) is poten...

Abstract Adhesion and degranulation–promoting adapter protein (ADAP), originally identified as an essential adaptor molecule in TCR signaling T cell adhesion, has emerged a critical regulator innate immune cells such macrophages; however, its role macrophage polarization inflammatory responses remains unknown. In this study, we show that ADAP plays TLR4-mediated mouse via modulation of STAT3 ac...

Monocytes/macrophages are phagocytic innate immune cells playing a pivotal role in tissue homeostasis, inflammation, and antitumor immunity microenvironment-dependent manner. By expressing pattern recognition scavenger receptors on their surface, macrophages selectively take up pathogens, cellular debris, often—undesirably—drug delivery systems. On the other hand, propensity of to internalize p...

Abstract Helminth infection conditions lung macrophages in the long term, but little is known about how helminths affect macrophage responses to respiratory viral coinfection. Experimental helminth of BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice revealed an increased type 2 airway inflammation that was associated with pronounced phenotypic changes macrophages. These consist a disappearance reaction SiglecF+ alveola...

Abstract Few studies have used a longitudinal approach to describe the immune response SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here, we perform single-cell RNA sequencing of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cells longitudinally obtained from SARS-CoV-2-infected ferrets. Landscape analysis lung microenvironment shows distinct changes in cell proportions and characteristics compared uninfected control, at 2 5 days pos...

Abstract Hair follicles (HFs) produce hair to mediate the first line of defense in mammals. HFs undergo cyclical production (anagen), and while this process is unsynchronized during adulthood, external cues, including shaving, induce synchronized anagen bolster surface barrier. Herein, we show that macrophages were crucial promoting anagen. Shaving triggered accumulation secondary germs (SHG), ...

TNFα is one of the inflammatory cytokines which plays an important role in activating the Caspase and inducing the apoptosis. This cytokine which is secreted in inflammations, induces the NO production in macrophages and leads to differentiation of the macrophages to the epithelioid and giant cells. One of the most important factors which stimulates the TNFα secretion, is LPS and th...