BACKGROUND In patients with percutaneous device implantation for closure of patent foramen ovale (PFO), a 10% incidence of new or worsened aortic regurgitation within 12 months has been reported with echocardiography. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging is a powerful noninvasive tool to quantify volume and fraction of valve insufficiencies. We studied the acute and long-term impact of percutaneo...

The PDP-8 family of minicomputers was built by Digital Equipment Corporation between 1965 and 1990. The PDP8 computers were one of the first computers that were affordable by a broader range of customers; that contributed in the success of these machines. In 1976, Intersil developed a PDP8 chipset consisting of the IM6100 processor [4], the I/O extension (IM6101) and the UART (IM6402). The PDP8...

Directing neuronal migration and growth has an important impact on potential post traumatic therapies. Magnetic manipulation is an advantageous method for remotely guiding cells. In the present study, we have generated highly localized magnetic fields with controllable magnetic flux densities to manipulate neuron-like cell migration and organization at the microscale level. We designed and fabr...

A Hybrid Hall effect device utilizes the magnetic fringing field at the edge of a ferromagnet to produce Hall effect in the two dimensional electron gas confined in a semiconductor structure underneath the magnet. Addition of an electrostatic gate to this passive device provides an extra handle in the form of the gate bias to modulate the output Hall voltage. We demonstrated that silicon MOSFET...

Spintronic computing promises superior energy efficiency and nonvolatility compared to conventional field-effect transistor logic. But, it has proven difficult to realize spintronic circuits with a versatile, scalable device design that is adaptable to emerging material physics. Here we present prototypes of a logic device that encode information in the position of a magnetic domain wall in a f...