This question could be asked about sex: the verb or sex: the noun. In noun form, sex (or sex assigned at birth) is a term used to describe physical or genetic markers ? more specifically, hormones, genes, and reproductive organs. Biologically speaking, it's a myth that there are only two sexes, male and female. All physical sex characteristics ? from genitals, to hormones, to chromosomes ? fall...

Reproductive behaviors are tightly regulated by sex steroid hormones. Interference with these hormones or their neural signaling pathways leads to behavioral alterations. We have previously shown that oral exposure of adult male mice di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), an organic environmental endocrine disruptor, altered sexual behavior. In this study, we examined the effects pubertal DEHP and ...

Reproductive efficiency represented by sexual desire, semen quality, testicular dimensions, and level of sex hormones are among the main components ram fertility, which affect fertility productivity herd. Since development testicles is related to reproductive activity ability fertilize, so measuring dimensions important in evaluating capacity rams. In addition, concentration testosterone reflec...

Within the past 20 years, the putative role of gender and gonadal steroids in mood regulation has been transformed from the staple of stereotype to a critical locus of research in clinical neuroscience. This transformation reflects the impact of explosive advances in molecular endocrinology and basic neuroscience, both of which suggest the myriad and dramatic neuroregulatory effects of gonadal ...

Urinary concentrations of metabolites of the anti-androgenic xenobiotic di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) were previously shown to be weakly associated with serum levels of several hormones in 2 disparate US populations: partners of pregnant women participating in the Study for Future Families and partners in infertile couples from Massachusetts General Hospital infertility clinic. The ob...

aflatoxins (afs) are natural contaminants of feed and feedstuffs, thus the study of the noxious effects ofthese agents on the male reproductive system is of outstanding importance. our aim for this study is theevaluation of the effects of oral administration of aflatoxin b1 on the reproductive hormonal changes in adult male rat. twenty eight wistar strain male rats were selected for this study....

BACKGROUND Reproductive function is tightly regulated by nutritional status. Indeed, it has been well described that undernutrition or obesity can lead to subfertility or infertility in humans. The common regulatory pathways which control energy homeostasis and reproductive function have, to date, been poorly understood due to limited studies or inconclusive data. However, gut hormones and adip...