introduction: rectal prolapse refers to extrusion of mucosa or the full thickness wall of the rectum through the anal sphincter, which is more common between infancy and 4 years of age and has a high incidence in the first year of life. it is considered as a sign of an underlying clinical condition causing an increased intra‑abdominal pressure, pelvic floor weakness or poor root innervations as...

background: extracardiac malformations can be seen in 20-45% of infants with congenital heart disease (chd). chromosomal abnormalities exist in 5-10% of patients with chd. the aim of this study was to assess the frequency of overt extra cardiac malformations in children with chd. methods: this descriptive epidemiologic study was conducted on 720 patients with chd referred to the pediatric cardi...

complex vertebral malformation(cvm) isanautosomal recessivehereditarydisorder caused bya point mutation in position 559 inexon 4 of the slc35a3 gene on chromosome 3 inholstein dairy cattle.this mutationchanges the function of uridine 5-diphosphate-n-acetylglucosamine transporter protein bythe substitution of valine for phenylalanine at position 180 of this protein. the disease causes premature ...

The São Francisco Sub medium Valley is a great mango exporter in Brazil. In this semiarid region, diseases such as dieback and malformation have reduced the production of crop. work effectiveness different active ingredients (flutriafol, methyl-thiophanate, copper hydroxide fluxapyroxad mixed with pyraclostrobin) was assessed for control these orchard. Monthly assessments disease incidence were...

purpose : longitudinal follow-up of bowel function in children with anorectal malformations (arms)) as they grow, to determine the anorectal function problems and help to resolve them somedeal. material and methods : this study included 262 patients with arm that operated in our center between 2006 until 2013.patients that definitive reconstruction was performed in another center and underwent ...

background: today there is a rise in the number of newborns conceived by artificial reproductive techniques (art). numerous studies have been performed on the perinatal outcome of these pregnancies. however, there is limited data about the condition of health of these newborns in iran. objective: regarding the higher prevalence of probable complications and symptomatic congenital anomalies, we ...

Hemangioma, vascular malformation and varix are benign vascular lesions, common in the head and neck regions. Studies about the prevalence of these lesions in the oral cavity are scarce. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of and to obtain clinical data on oral hemangioma, vascular malformation and varix in a Brazilian population. Clinical data on those lesions were retrieved f...

Sixteen patients aged between one day to 18 years with Ebstein's malformation of the tricuspid valve were studied with ultrasound. The findings were compared with a group of 74 patients without Ebstein's malformation. Two features were considered specific for Ebstein's malformation: 1) ability to record the anterior tricuspid leaflet (ATL) farther to the left of the left sternal border than in ...

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common human birth defect worldwide,1 taking a tremendous toll on affected families, caregivers, and healthcare systems. Approximately 40 000 children are born each year in the United States with a heart malformation, and at least another 40 000 are born annually with subclinical malformations that result in heart disease later in adulthood. Significan...

Chiari malformation describes a group of structural defects of the cerebellum, characterized by brain tissue protruding into the spinal canal. Chiari malformations are often associated with myelomeningocele, hydrocephalus, syringomyelia, and tethered cord syndrome. Although studies of etiology are few, an increasing number of specific genetic syndromes are found to be associated with Chiari mal...